📰 Phys.org · 90
United KingdomThinking of giving a DNA kit for Father's Day? Psychology researcher warns of 'unexpected outcomes'
A psychology researcher warns that gifting DNA testing kits can lead to unexpected psychological consequences, such as uncovering family secrets, misattributed paternity, or donor conception. Dr. Susan Moore discusses both the potential benefits and risks of DNA testing in her book The Psychology of Genealogy.
How animals communicate to work together across species boundaries
A study published in Animal Behavior explores how communication facilitates cooperation between different animal species. Examples include banded mongooses cleaning warthogs in exchange for protection and food, cleaner fish removing parasites from larger fish in return for meals, and birds guiding humans to bee nests for access to wax. The research highlights various forms of communication such as movement, visual displays, and calls that enable coordination and mutual benefit across species.
Unearthed bathhouse reveals a thriving Roman Nijmegen: 'The Romans did not regard this city as a backwater'
Excavations in Nijmegen-West have uncovered a large Roman bathhouse complex, the largest of its kind in the Netherlands. This discovery challenges previous assumptions that the area was considered a backwater by the Romans. Researchers, including Stephan Mols from Radboud University, are collaborating with archaeologists and the Valkhof Museum to study the findings. The site includes additional structures like houses, streets, and luxury residences, along with artifacts such as hairpins, jewelry, coins, and a bronze bust of Bacchus.
Powerful seismic waves from Japan's 2011 earthquake struck Earth's core and bounced back up, moving the island eastward
In 2011, Japan experienced a magnitude 9.0 earthquake that caused significant damage. Unrelated to the immediate effects of the quake, GPS stations recorded an eastward shift of the entire country by up to 6 millimeters. A new study led by geophysicist Sunyoung Park suggests that seismic waves from the earthquake traveled down to the Earth's core and reflected back, causing the displacement. This phenomenon, previously unknown, highlights a new potential seismic hazard.
Student makes first recorded sighting of a microwhip scorpion in the Daintree Rainforest
A James Cook University Ph.D. student made the first recorded sighting of a microwhip scorpion in the Daintree Rainforest during a solo survey. The discovery was confirmed with the assistance of a science communicator and spider expert, who helped photograph the tiny creatures.
Small forest fragments can protect more birds when the surrounding landscape is more helpful
The article discusses the ecological principle that larger areas typically support more species, leading to a focus on preserving large natural areas in conservation efforts. It notes that small forest fragments have often been viewed as less valuable for biodiversity in fragmented landscapes.
Men make up less than 18% of Australian primary school teachers. Is this a problem?
A group of Australian primary school principals has expressed concern over the low percentage of men in primary school teaching roles, suggesting that boys need more 'male role models.'
Microbes destroyed an ancient pterosaur's wingbone, then preserved it for 100 million years
More than 100 million years ago, a flying reptile called a pterosaur flew over the oceans hunting squid and fish.
New Zealand scientists working on 'R' win major global award
New Zealand scientists involved in the development of the 'R' programming language have received a prestigious international award often regarded as the equivalent of a Nobel Prize for statisticians.
New research finds major gaps between EU anti-deforestation rules and realities on the ground in Brazil
New research from The University of Manchester suggests that the UK may encounter significant challenges if it adopts the EU's stricter regulations on imports linked to deforestation. The study focuses on the practical implementation of the EU's Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR) within Brazil's beef sector, a major contributor to tropical deforestation.
Girls as young as 9 feel pressured to lead ‘perfect lives’ with ‘boyfriend and good skin’ due to influencers
A study conducted by researchers at the University of Surrey found that girls as young as nine feel pressure to live 'perfect lives' influenced by social media content creators. The research involved interviews with girls in years seven to 10 across schools in southeast England. Participants discussed how influencers promote ideals such as physical appearance, relationships, and career success. Younger girls expressed concerns about self-esteem and sought validation from family and peers, while older girls highlighted issues like comparison culture and the lack of diverse representation among
Desert field test with NASA advanced rover prototype
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory conducted a field test of a prototype rover called ERNEST in the Colorado Desert near Plaster City, California, in March 2026. The rover, designed for advanced mobility and robotic autonomy, covered 16 miles (26 kilometers) over 37 hours, significantly faster than NASA's Perseverance rover on Mars. The test included evaluations of the rover's performance during low-light conditions to simulate lunar polar regions.
Five phases of localization physics observed in a single quantum system
Physicists in China have observed five phases of localization physics within a single quantum system using an advanced photonic platform. The research, led by Yucheng Wang and Jingyun Fan at the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, suggests that localization physics may be more complex than previously thought. The findings were published in Physical Review Letters.
NASA mission to study space weather impacts of Earth's atmosphere
NASA has selected the DAPHNE (Dynamic Atmosphere-Ionosphere Explorer) mission to study how space weather and dynamics within Earth's atmosphere affect the space environment. The mission aims to improve predictions of impacts on technologies like GPS, satellites, and astronauts. DAPHNE will use twin satellites to examine interactions between Earth's lower and upper atmospheres. The mission is entering Phase B of development.
Deadly Philippines quake turns seabed into shore
A powerful 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck the southern Philippines on June 8, causing coastal uplift that exposed previously submerged areas of the seabed. The quake resulted in at least 76 deaths, damaged infrastructure, and triggered landslides. Local resident Arsenio Butil described the event as the strongest earthquake he has ever experienced, noting the dramatic changes to the coastline.
Palm oil, coconut and soybean drive more species extinction than previously thought
A study led by Stephan Pfister from ETH Zurich found that oil crops like palm oil, coconut, and soybean contribute significantly to species extinction due to their environmental impact. The research combined global data on production, trade, and land use with models to assess the effect of these crops on biodiversity. The findings were published in Nature Food.
Molecular simulations uncover why water nanodrops spread thin on hydrophilic surfaces
Researchers from the Institute of Industrial Science at The University of Tokyo used molecular simulations to study how water nanodroplets interact with different types of surfaces. Their findings, published in Nature Physics, explain the phenomenon of line tension at the nanoscale, which differs from traditional continuum theory explanations. The research clarifies why water behaves differently on hydrophobic versus hydrophilic surfaces, such as forming beads on Teflon or spreading into a thin film on clean glass.
Scientists discover 'hyperparasite' in Malaysia Borneo jungle
Scientists from the University of Malaysia Sabah's Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation discovered a new species of parasitic fungus called Pleurocordyceps cornusynnemata in Borneo's jungles. This 'hyperparasite' targets ants already infected by Ophiocordyceps, commonly known as 'zombie fungus.' Unlike the zombie fungus, which manipulates an insect's nervous system, this new fungus directly consumes the Ophiocordyceps tissue within the host. The discovery was made during field research in the Danum Valley and published in the journal Phytotaxa.
Indonesia to capture last-known wild Bornean rhino for IVF
Indonesia's government aims to capture the last-known wild Bornean rhino, Pari, in an effort to preserve the species through in vitro fertilization. There are only two known Bornean rhinos remaining, both females: Pahu, who is in a sanctuary but suffers from health issues, and Pari, who lives in the wild. Officials believe breeding between Bornean and Sumatran rhinos could help maintain genetic diversity. Conservationists have prepared for the capture, including test runs with cattle similar in size to Pari. However, previous attempts at capturing and breeding rhinos have had mixed results, as
USRED PACIFIKA UPRAVO SE FORMIRA KLIMATSKI MONSTRUM! Stiže 'Godzila', a ono što donosi nismo videli nikada u istoriji
The article discusses the formation of an intense El Niño phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean, referred to as 'Godzilla El Niño,' which could lead to extreme heatwaves, droughts, and increased risk of wildfires, particularly in Australia and other parts of the world. It notes that while El Niño itself is not directly caused by climate change, global warming amplifies its effects, making them more severe than in previous instances. Experts such as Marshall Burke from Stanford and organizations like the World Meteorological Organization warn that 2027 could become the hottest year on record due to a
Arabian Sea humpback whale's long-distance trip further highlights species' unique ecology
An international research team has tracked the movements of Arabian Sea humpback whales (ASHWs), revealing that they primarily remain within a restricted coastal area off Oman. However, the study also documented the first known long-distance migration of an ASHW across the Arabian Sea, suggesting the potential existence of additional important habitats in the region. Previous genetic studies indicate that ASHWs separated from Southern Hemisphere humpback whales approximately 70,000 years ago and have since adapted to a non-migratory lifestyle.
Scientists finalize H5 bird flu findings from Heard Island and McDonald Island voyages
Scientists from the Australian Antarctic Program have released preliminary findings on the impact of H5 avian influenza (H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b) on wildlife populations at Heard Island and McDonald Islands, which are Australian territories in the Southern Ocean. Testing of samples from nine vertebrate species found six species infected with the virus, including southern elephant seals, king penguins, gentoo penguins, Antarctic fur seals, and South Georgia diving petrels. Drone survey data indicated extremely high mortality rates among southern elephant seal pups, with estimates reaching up to 97%
Video: How are we so good at folding proteins?
This article discusses the complex process of protein folding, highlighting the role of ribosomes in creating proteins and their subsequent folding into functional three-dimensional shapes. It focuses on research conducted by David Balchin's lab at the Crick, emphasizing their curiosity-driven approach to understanding cellular processes at the molecular level. The study was published in 'Nature Structural & Molecular Biology' and involves insights into chaperone-assisted protein folding on the ribosome.
Brain enzyme caught doing something unexpected—it builds polysialic acid on itself
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered that a known brain enzyme, ST8Sia5L, can build a sugar chain called polysialic acid on itself. This process allows the enzyme to become secreted from the cell, deactivate, and later reactivate after the sugar chain is removed. The study challenges previous assumptions about how polysialic acid is formed and reveals a novel mechanism by which enzymes can self-regulate their activity.
Building more apartments won't ease housing crisis
New research suggests that building more apartments alone will not resolve Australia's housing affordability crisis. The study indicates that rising house prices and investor activity are major drivers of the crisis, with price increases in the freestanding home market influencing the entire housing system, including apartments. Researchers used a 'two-market spillover model' to analyze data from several Australian cities over nearly three decades.
Impact of genomic selection on genetic diversity in five European cattle breeds
A study published in the Journal of Dairy Science examines the impact of genomic selection on genetic diversity in five European cattle breeds: Meuse Rhine Yssel (Netherlands), Norwegian Red (Norway), and Abondance, Tarentaise, and Vosgienne (France). The researchers analyzed changes in population demographics, kinship, and inbreeding rates using both pedigree and genomic data. The findings suggest that while genomic selection has improved breeding efficiency, it may also contribute to increased inbreeding in certain breeds.
Analysis of 352 probiotic supplements finds mismatched microbes across marketed health benefits
A study conducted by the University of Virginia School of Medicine analyzed 352 over-the-counter probiotic supplements available at major U.S. pharmacies. The research found that these supplements contain only 36 unique bacterial species, with Lactobacillus being the most common. The study highlights a lack of consistency in the microbial composition of probiotics marketed for specific health benefits, suggesting that current formulations may not effectively target the intended health outcomes. Researchers developed computational models to better understand how to design more effective probiot
Corrected microbial family tree offers statistically sound model for how earliest life forms evolved
A new study led by Miklós Csűrös from the University of Montreal challenges the assumption that more genetic data improves accuracy in reconstructing the evolution of early microbial life. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, argues that existing methods for analyzing large genomic datasets are generating misleading results due to statistical noise. Csűrös introduces the GLD (Gain-Loss-Duplication) framework as a solution, which shifts focus from individual mutations to broader patterns in gene families.
Diamond-based particle detector captures one-picosecond electron bursts for high-rate beam diagnostics
Physicists from UC Santa Cruz and other institutions in California and New Mexico have developed a new diamond-based particle detection system designed to improve diagnostics for next-generation particle accelerators. This system allows accelerators to process up to 1 million pulses per second, significantly increasing their capacity compared to previous capabilities. The development was a collaborative effort involving multiple universities and national laboratories.
Canada's national parks can do better at limiting landscape fragmentation, study suggests
A study led by Concordia University found that Canada's national parks are not fully effective in preventing landscape fragmentation caused by transportation infrastructure, agriculture, and other barriers. Researchers analyzed 43 national parks and compared them to nearby unprotected areas from their designation as protected areas up to 2020. Using a metric called 'effective mesh size,' they determined that about 35% of parks experienced faster increases in fragmentation compared to similar unprotected areas.
Long gamma-ray bursts may trace collapsing stars rather than neutron-star mergers
A study by researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory suggests that long-duration gamma-ray bursts may originate from collapsing massive stars (collapsars) rather than from the merger of neutron stars. This conclusion was drawn based on the analysis of two recent gamma-ray bursts, which showed characteristics consistent with nucleosynthesis processes associated with collapsars. The research highlights the complex nature of these cosmic events and offers a new perspective on their origins.
Making a big, life‑changing decision? Seven steps to consider
The article discusses the complexity of making major life decisions, such as marriage, career changes, or relocation, and highlights research showing that these decisions involve multiple competing factors rather than simple calculations. The author outlines seven steps based on research involving over 600 participants who described their largest life decisions.
Energetic neutral atoms may help map Uranus's odd magnetic environment
The article discusses the potential use of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) to study Uranus's magnetosphere. ENAs are formed when charged ions collide with neutral particles, creating neutral atoms that travel in straight lines and can be detected by spacecraft instruments. This technique has been used to study the space environments around Earth, Mars, Saturn, and the Sun, and could provide insights into Uranus's unique magnetic environment.
Elon Musk Becomes World’s First Trillionaire
Elon Musk has become the world's first trillionaire following the initial public offering (IPO) of SpaceX, which was listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange with a valuation of $1.77tn. Despite generating $18.7bn in revenue, SpaceX reported a net loss of nearly £4.28bn last year due to significant capital expenditures on AI infrastructure. Musk, who already held the title of the world's richest man with an estimated net worth of $696bn, now holds approximately $866bn in shares and options from the IPO. According to a new Oxfam analysis, Musk is now wealthier than the poorest 46% of the global人口.
AI teaches asset traders not to sweat the small stuff
Researchers, including Bo Hu from George Mason University, are studying how machine learning tools like LASSO are influencing decision-making in financial markets. The study highlights how LASSO helps filter out weaker signals in market data, focusing on stronger, potentially profitable trends. This approach allows traders to ignore smaller fluctuations and focus on larger patterns.
Electrically tunable spin polarization in graphene opens path toward low-power spintronic devices
Researchers at the National Graphene Institute, in collaboration with the National University of Singapore, have demonstrated that the magnetic behavior of electrons in graphene can be precisely controlled using electricity. This discovery could lead to the development of low-power spintronic devices. The study, published in Nature Communications, highlights how placing graphene near magnetic materials allows for tuning of electron spin without permanently altering the graphene structure.
Circular polarization could cut laser backscatter in fusion experiments
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's National Ignition Facility (NIF) are exploring the use of circular polarization in lasers to reduce backscatter and improve resilience against filamentation damage. Current experiments involve 192 lasers focused into a small gold canister called a hohlraum, where crossed-beam energy transfer plays a critical role in maintaining symmetry during inertial confinement fusion. Scientists suggest that changing the polarization state of the lasers could allow operation at higher power levels.
Suburban street design has driven emissions since WWII, study suggests
A study led by Arianna Salazar-Miranda from the Yale School of the Environment suggests that the design of suburban neighborhoods, particularly the use of Garden City Design (GCD), plays a significant role in increasing greenhouse gas emissions. While suburban sprawl has traditionally been attributed to increased travel distances, this research highlights that structural elements like winding roads and cul-de-sacs contribute significantly to car dependency and emissions. According to the study, GCD accounts for approximately 38% of the environmental costs associated with suburban living.
Rice gene switch helps plants rebound from cold and use nitrogen more efficiently
A research team led by Prof. Chong Kang from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has discovered a molecular module called 'Chilling Phoenix' (CHPO) in rice that helps the plant recover from cold stress and improve nitrogen use efficiency. The findings were published in the journal Nature.
Asteroid Donaldjohanson wobbles as it rotates, Lucy flyby reveals
NASA's Lucy spacecraft encountered the asteroid Donaldjohanson on April 20, 2025, revealing evidence of iron-rich clays on its surface, suggesting the presence of water in the asteroid's past. Scientists from Southwest Research Institute found that the asteroid's rotation is irregular, turning on two axes with a wobble every 26.5 days. The asteroid has an elongated, peanut-like shape and measures approximately 0.8 kilometers in diameter.
Laser pulses set layered metals vibrating 1 trillion times per second, revealing electron-driven motion
Researchers have demonstrated that ultrashort optical laser pulses can induce extremely fast lattice vibrations in periodically layered metal structures, primarily through the pressure exerted by hot electrons rather than traditional lattice heating. Using an artificial metal lattice composed of platinum and copper nanolayers, the study found that the lattice oscillates at approximately one terahertz—about one trillion times per second—due to electron-driven motion.
Climate change is now causing more local extinction in temperate regions than the tropics, study shows
A study led by University of Arizona researchers found that 49% of temperate species have experienced local extinction due to climate change, compared to 33% of tropical species. The research analyzed data from over 5,100 species and nearly 40,000 survey sites globally, showing that temperate regions are facing a higher rate of local extinctions linked to rising temperatures.
Early warning tool may protect river fish in heat waves
Researchers from the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) have developed an early warning tool to predict when river fish in Switzerland will be at risk during heat waves. This system allows for proactive measures to protect fish populations as climate change increases the frequency and severity of heat events. The tool uses ecological modeling and provides forecasts updated twice weekly, accessible via drought.ch.
Low-development regions suffer far higher losses in climate disasters, study warns
A study led by researchers at Leipzig University found that regions with lower Human Development Index (HDI) scores experience significantly higher risks from climate-related disasters compared to more developed areas. The study analyzed over 7,000 climate-related disasters between 1990 and 2020 and linked them to subnational HDI data. Results indicate that socioeconomic factors heavily influence the severity of disaster impacts, with low-HDI regions facing up to eight times higher fatality risk from storms and three times higher from floods.
Fermi mission uncovers possible sibling supernova remnants
A new study using data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has identified two supernova remnants that may have originated from twin stars that once orbited each other. The findings suggest that the explosion of the first star propelled its companion through space, and after thousands of years, the second star also exploded.
Hidden fungus inside desert moss could rewrite 470-million-year story of how plants moved onto land
Researchers from UC Riverside have discovered evidence suggesting that desert mosses may host fungi within their tissues, challenging previous assumptions that mosses do not form such relationships. If confirmed, this discovery could provide insights into how early plants adapted to living on land around 470 million years ago.
How cracks in dry soil impact moisture evaporation
A study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign investigates how desiccation cracks in dry soil affect moisture evaporation and water movement. The research highlights how cracks increase the surface area available for moisture transfer to the atmosphere, leading to further drying of the soil. This finding could improve hydrological models used for water management.
How a telescope's mirror stability makes or breaks exoplanet detection
The article discusses the challenges of detecting exoplanets using telescopes, focusing on the importance of mirror stability in achieving high-contrast imaging. It explains how even minor changes in mirror alignment can affect the ability to suppress starlight and detect faint planets. The research highlights the need for precise optical systems in upcoming missions like NASA's Habitable Worlds Observatory.
Trace additive unlocks faster bioplastic biodegradation without losing transparency or strength
Researchers have developed a modified version of polylactide (PLA) plastic by adding an organic additive, which significantly accelerates its biodegradation in composting environments while maintaining its strength and transparency. This advancement could potentially allow PLA to decompose in home composting systems rather than requiring industrial facilities.
Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer reveals four cosmic ray classes across 20 elements, defying current models
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), located on the International Space Station, has identified four distinct classes of cosmic rays composed of 20 different elements. This discovery challenges existing scientific models and provides new insights into the origins and distribution of elements in the universe. Cosmic rays originate from supernova explosions, which scatter elements like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, chlorine, potassium, argon, and calcium across space. These particles take millions of years to reach Earth and offer valuable information about stellar processes and the
Hubble glimpses merging galaxy clusters
A NASA Hubble Space Telescope image captures the galaxy cluster CL0016+1609 (also known as MACS J0018.5+1626), which consists of two merging galaxy clusters. The cluster is notable for being very bright at X-ray wavelengths and has been extensively studied using X-ray and radio observations. Researchers used Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys to study the distribution of dark matter within the cluster, leveraging gravitational lensing effects observed through Hubble's infrared and visible-light imaging. Additional data from Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 were used as part of the RELICS program
Heat waves increase wildfire risk—a new study explains how much, and it's not a small number
A study published in Science Advances analyzed the relationship between heat waves and wildfire activity in the Western United States from 2001 to 2024. Researchers found that although heat waves accounted for only 12–15% of warm-season days, they were responsible for 42% of the total area burned by wildfires. During heat waves, the daily burn area was up to 300% higher compared to the days immediately preceding them.
El Niño has arrived – and will spike the price of these ‘big shop’ essentials
An upcoming El Niño weather pattern is expected to cause droughts and crop failures globally, potentially leading to increased prices for certain food items in the UK, including rice, chocolate, fruits, coffee, and tea. The UN has issued warnings about the impact of this phenomenon, which is anticipated to raise global temperatures and intensify extreme weather conditions. Countries such as India, Australia, and parts of Africa are expected to face significant agricultural challenges, increasing the risk of higher food prices. Experts recommend that UK food suppliers diversify their supply-ch铇
Mating reveals cholesterol's hidden role in male fruit fly lifespan
Scientists from the University of Liverpool have discovered that cholesterol plays a context-dependent role in the lifespan of male fruit flies. The study found that male flies require cholesterol to maintain reproductive activity when they have access to mating opportunities, but those not reproducing live longer without it. This challenges prior assumptions about cholesterol's impact on male lifespan and suggests that reproduction imposes significant nutritional demands.
Five new springtail species discovered in China
Five new springtail species were discovered in China by researchers from Nantong University. The discoveries were made in the Huaping Nature Reserve in Guilin and the Yintiaoling Nature Reserve in Chongqing. Springtails are small arthropods that play a crucial role in soil ecosystems by breaking down organic matter. The study was published in the journal ZooKeys.
Missing DNA replication step revealed in first image of pre-initiation complex
Scientists at the Crick have captured the first image of the pre-initiation complex, a crucial step in DNA replication that had remained unknown for 30 years. This discovery helps explain how cells control DNA replication to prevent errors such as those leading to cancer. The study focuses on the replicative helicase, an enzyme that unwinds DNA during replication, and how it is activated at the correct time.
Bedding structure controls rainfall runoff in mountain catchments
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that rainwater runoff in the Southern Alps of Japan is influenced by the inclination of geological strata, leading to two key processes: 'deep infiltration' and 'shallow drainage via landslides.' They developed a conceptual framework called the 'structural ground system' to explain this phenomenon. The study involved analyzing data from 16 adjacent watersheds in the upper Oi River basin.
AI could be trapped in a 'Carbon Valley' unless action is taken soon
A new study published in the journal Communications Earth & Environment warns that rapid AI development could lead to significant short-term carbon emissions, creating what researchers call a 'Carbon Valley.' The research, led by Yassine Charabi of Kuwait University, uses simulations based on global energy forecasts, data center growth, and chip manufacturing to show that AI's environmental benefits may not offset its initial carbon costs for many years.
Europe hit by El Niño: Serious problems expected across the continent
The article discusses the potential impacts of the El Niño phenomenon across Europe, including extreme weather conditions such as heatwaves, droughts, and floods. It notes that the last El Niño event contributed to record-breaking global temperatures and severe weather events worldwide. Meteorological forecasts suggest that 2026 could be among the hottest years on record. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts predicts above-average temperatures during summer and early autumn in much of Europe. Experts warn that reduced rainfall due to El Niño could threaten energy production,
Comb jelly embryos reveal embryonic signaling center shared across early animal evolution
Researchers from Friedrich Schiller University Jena have discovered that cnidarians, including comb jellies, possess an embryonic signaling center similar to that found in vertebrates. This finding suggests that such a fundamental coordinate system for body axis development existed in early animal evolution. The study, published in Nature, builds upon the work of Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold, who identified the 'organizer' in amphibian embryos in 1924.
'High-res' is the secret to finding alien life with the next great space telescope
A new research paper suggests that the upcoming Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) should incorporate high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy capabilities to better detect signs of life on exoplanets. The study highlights recent technological advancements that could enable this approach, which would allow for clearer detection of atmospheric components like CO2. Current space telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope, lack the necessary resolution for these detailed observations.
Helios quantum computer tops 99.9% fidelity rates for one- and two-qubit operations
A joint effort between Sandia National Laboratories and quantum computing company Quantinuum has achieved significant advancements in quantum computing. Their 98-qubit system, named Helios, demonstrated extremely high fidelity rates of 99.9975% for single-qubit operations and 99.921% for two-qubit operations. This marks progress toward the Department of Energy's goal of developing fault-tolerant quantum computers capable of solving complex problems.
Young stellar activity drives galactic evolution across the universe
Astronomers have studied how young stars influence their galactic environments by analyzing 18,000 star-forming regions in nearby spiral galaxies using data from telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Their findings suggest that pressure from ionized gas drives the expansion of young star-forming regions, with growth depending heavily on the surrounding environment. This process, known as stellar feedback, affects the evolution of interstellar material in regions suitable for star formation.
Displaying video reviews later in shopping process supports buyer decision-making, boosts sales
A study conducted by Muhammad Jawad, a clinical assistant professor at the University of Texas at Austin, suggests that video reviews can influence purchasing decisions depending on their placement in the shopping process. The research indicates that showing video reviews later in the decision-making process supports buyer decision-making and can boost sales. The findings were published in the journal Decision Support Systems.
Flipped quantum interference unlocks clearer gluon maps from near-miss nuclear encounters
Scientists at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have developed a new method to study the internal structure of atomic nuclei using near-miss collisions. By observing interactions between photons surrounding one nucleus and gluons within another, researchers can create more detailed maps of gluon distribution. This technique was described in a recent publication in Physical Review Letters.
'Contaminated' cultures: Can conservation protect nature while excluding Indigenous peoples?
An article discusses the term 'contaminated' used during an international heritage symposium in Japan, where debates arose over whether Indigenous peoples should be explicitly recognized in a new World Heritage framework. The author argues against the idea that cultural changes due to historical trauma and adaptation negate Indigenous identity or rights. The article references the Gunma Declaration on Heritage Ecosystems, a new framework developed following the 2025 ICOMOS Japan symposium.
Traditional farming supports food, nature and cultural identity
A study led by the University of Göttingen highlights the benefits of traditional farming methods in supporting food production, environmental conservation, and cultural preservation. The research focuses on Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), as defined by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, and emphasizes the need to adapt sustainable land-use strategies to local contexts.
How satellite technology can protect the world's drinking water
River experts suggest that new satellite technology has the potential to safeguard global drinking water quality.
A 19-year 'goldmine' of mountain cloud and rainwater samples provides fresh insights about air pollution
A study led by University of Michigan Engineering researchers, in collaboration with the Appalachian Mountain Club and Plymouth State University, found that rainfall history is crucial for predicting air pollution levels. The research highlights how air pollution can affect mountain ecosystems and waterways fed by these regions.
Scientists uncover hidden phosphorus reservoir vital for future food production
Scientists have developed a simpler, more cost-effective method to measure a biologically important form of phosphorus in soils, providing new insights into nutrient cycling that could help improve sustainable agricultural management.
Ancient curse tablet bears rare Greek inscription with binding spell intended to harm enemies
Researchers from Heidelberg University have decoded an ancient curse tablet found in Heerlen, Netherlands. The tablet, dating back to the 2nd century AD, is notable for containing an ancient Greek text written in the Egyptian style, rather than Latin. It was used to invoke deities and demons to harm an enemy.
Emergency department visits increased during and after Aliso Canyon gas blowout
Emergency department use rose significantly during and after the 2015–16 Aliso Canyon gas blowout, according to a study by the UCLA Aliso Canyon Disaster Health Research Study. The data indicated that individuals residing downwind of the incident experienced 26 additional emergency department visits per 1,000 residents during the disaster period compared to a demographically similar control group. This increase persisted at a similar level one year after the event.
Floating litter extends over Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the US
A study conducted by researchers from the Smithsonian Institution and UB highlights the issue of floating litter in the Chesapeake Bay, emphasizing the need to reduce single-use plastics to protect coastal ecosystems.
Study advocates cross-tier traceability to improve food safety
A study by Prof. Leng Mingming suggests implementing a unified product tracing system across the food supply chain to enhance food safety, particularly relevant for Hong Kong SAR which relies heavily on imported food.
Molecular fossils reveal secrets of Earth's recovery from ancient global warming event
Scientists have uncovered new evidence from one of Earth's most extreme ancient warming events, revealing how the climate may recover long after human-driven CO2 emissions cease.
Atlantic and Pacific may follow different rules on long-term warming, analysis shows
Researchers at Florida State University have discovered that long-term sea-surface temperature changes in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans have different root causes. The Pacific's changes are mainly due to internal ocean processes, whereas the Atlantic's changes are largely influenced by human emissions.
Study finds urbanization in the Hong Kong Greater Bay Area intensifies extreme heat and heavy rainfall risks
A study highlights that urbanization in the Hong Kong Greater Bay Area has increased risks of extreme heat and heavy rainfall. Recent years have seen significant impacts from intense rainfall events, such as the 'once-in-a-century' rainstorm in September 2023, heavy rains in May 2024, and multiple Black Rainstorm events in early August 2025. These events have disrupted daily life and public infrastructure, underscoring challenges for high-density coastal cities.
Seaweed farming offers climate benefits, but regulatory gaps pose risks
The article discusses the potential climate benefits of seaweed farming while highlighting concerns about regulatory gaps that could pose risks.
Mars mission simulations reveal key to teamwork under pressure
The article discusses the importance of preparation for NASA missions, including spacecraft design, astronaut training, safety protocols, goal setting, and communication strategies between Earth and space crews.
A 'super' El Niño has the power to devastate fishing, and leave seals and sea lions starving
The article discusses the potential development of a 'super' El Niño by the end of the year, noting a more than 60% chance of this occurring.
Superconducting TES array X-ray spectrometer goes into operation at BESSY II
Europe's first and only superconducting TES (Transition Edge Sensor) array X-ray spectrometer has begun operations at BESSY II, a synchrotron radiation facility. Developed through a collaboration between the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPI-CEC), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the instrument offers significantly higher photon detection efficiency compared to traditional wavelength-dispersive X-ray emission spectrometers. It will be used to study the electronic properties of materials such as atomically thin layers, nano
Supernova origins explored through primordial black holes
Dr. Shing-Chi Leung and his team have published research exploring the possibility that primordial black holes (PBHs), hypothetical remnants from the early universe, could trigger Type Ia supernovae. Their study compares these events with supernova remnants and examines their impact on galactic chemical evolution. PBHs are considered potential candidates for dark matter, and previous work suggests they might generate tidal forces strong enough to cause white dwarfs to explode.
Single, childless workers fare worst at work-life balance
Research from the University of St. Andrews suggests that current flexible-working policies fail to address the challenges of maintaining work-life balance, particularly as hybrid and remote work become more prevalent. The study highlights that the effectiveness of such policies depends not just on their existence but on how they function in practice. It introduces 'border theory' to explain how individuals manage transitions between work and personal life, identifying three mechanisms—prompting employees to stop, enabling them to do so, and legitimizing time away—that often do not align in现实中
From 718 options to one standout, catalyst screening method reveals durable RuO₂ candidate
Researchers from Tohoku University and East China University of Science and Technology developed a systematic method for screening catalysts by combining experimental data with scientific theory. Using this approach, they narrowed down 718 potential catalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reactions to a few dozen candidates. Their analysis identified a vanadium-doped ruthenium oxide (V-doped RuO2) catalyst as a highly efficient and practical option. The study highlights the effectiveness of this workflow in identifying promising materials for catalytic applications.
Freshwater sediments may play a bigger role in slowing methane emissions than previously thought
A study conducted at Lake Ørn in Denmark has found that freshwater sediments may play a larger role in reducing methane emissions than previously believed. The research, published in Limnology and Oceanography, examined how the availability of sulfate and iron affects methane consumption in oxygen-free environments. The findings suggest that microorganisms in lake sediments consume significant amounts of methane before it escapes into the atmosphere.
S-M-A-R-T! These researchers used math to crack Wordle
Researchers at Binghamton University have developed a method using information theory to solve Wordle with a 99% success rate. The approach leverages Shannon entropy to optimize guesses based on feedback from the game.
LOFAR reveals spike-like repeating radio burst pairs in the solar corona
Researchers using the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope have detected 'repeating spike-like burst pairs'—brief flashes of radio energy that occur in pairs, separated by a characteristic delay of about four seconds. These findings provide a new diagnostic tool for studying turbulent plasma processes in the solar corona and understanding the sun's magnetic environment and particle acceleration.
Climate advocacy by scientists shows mixed effects, no clear trust boost or backlash
A study led by Lancaster University and published in PLOS Climate finds that climate advocacy by scientists has mixed effects, with no clear evidence of boosting or undermining scientific credibility, public trust, or support for climate action. The research suggests that the impact of scientists' advocacy depends on factors like the form of advocacy, audience, issue, and broader political and social context.
Dozens of active dust devils caught swirling across Mars canyon system
The European Space Agency's Mars Express has captured images of dozens of active dust devils in the Mamers Valles region of Mars. Dust devils on Mars form when the surface warms in sunlight, creating swirling columns of air that lift dust into the atmosphere. These phenomena are similar to terrestrial dust devils but much larger, reaching heights of up to 8 kilometers and speeds of 45 meters per second. The Mars Express uses its High Resolution Stereo Camera to detect movement by combining images from multiple camera channels.
'Alexa, tell me a joke': How talking to AI impacts young children's development
The article explores how young children interact with AI assistants like Siri and Alexa, examining whether these interactions affect their communication skills, vocabulary, and cognitive development. It highlights that language acquisition typically occurs through human interaction, involving emotional connections, turn-taking, and contextual understanding. The article notes that AI differs from humans in its lack of emotional nuance and ability to handle interruptions or misunderstandings naturally.