A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity

Article

Open access

Published: 17 June 2026

Anthony Ransford

ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0007-9497-5667 1 ,

M. S. Allman 1 ,

Jake Arkinstall 2 ,

J. P. Campora III 1 ,

Samuel F. Cooper 1 ,

Robert D. Delaney 1 ,

Joan M. Dreiling 1 ,

Brian Estey 1 ,

Caroline Figgatt 1 ,

Alex Hall 1 ,

Ali A. Husain 3 ,

Akhil Isanaka 1 ,

Colin J. Kennedy 1 ,

Nikhil Kotibhaskar 4 ,

Ivaylo S. Madjarov 1 ,

Karl Mayer 1 ,

Alistair R. Milne 4 ,

Annie J. Park 1 ,

Adam P. Reed 1 ,

Riley Ancona 1 ,

Molly P. Andersen 5 ,

Pablo Andres-Martinez 2 ,

Will Angenent 2 ,

Liz Argueta 1 ,

Benjamin Arkin 1 ,

Leonardo Ascarrunz 1 ,

William Baker 1 ,

Corey Barnes 1 ,

John Bartolotta 1 ,

Jordan Berg 1 ,

Ryan Besand 1 ,

Bryce Bjork 1 ,

Matt Blain 5 ,

Paul Blanchard 1 ,

Robin Blume-Kohout 6 ,

Matt Bohn 1 ,

Agustíin Borgna 2 ,

Daniel Y. Botamanenko 1 ,

Robert Boutelle 1 ,

Natalie Brown 1 ,

Grant T. Buckingham 1 ,

Nathaniel Q. Burdick 3 ,

William Cody Burton 1 ,

Varis Carey 1 ,

Christopher J. Carron 5 ,

Joe Chambers 1 ,

Jia Wen Chan 1 ,

John Children 2 ,

Victor E. Colussi 1 ,

Steven Crepinsek 1 ,

Andrew Cureton 1 ,

Joe Davies 5 ,

Daniel Davis 1 ,

Matthew DeCross 1 ,

David Deen 3 ,

Conor Delaney 1 ,

Davide DelVento 1 ,

B. J. DeSalvo 1 ,

Jason Dominy 1 ,

Sydney Drotar 1 ,

Ross Duncan 7 ,

Vanya Eccles 2 ,

Alec Edgington 2 ,

Neal Erickson 1 ,

Stephen Erickson 1 ,

Christopher T. Ertsgaard 5 ,

Jay Esposito 5 ,

Bruce Evans 1 ,

Tyler Evans 1 ,

Maya I. Fabrikant 1 ,

Andrew Fischer 1 ,

Cameron Foltz 1 ,

Michael Foss-Feig 1 ,

David Francois 1 ,

Brad Freyberg 1 ,

Charles Gao 1 ,

Robert Garay 1 ,

Jane Garvin 1 ,

David M. Gaudiosi 1 ,

Christopher N. Gilbreth 1 ,

Josh Giles 1 ,

Erin Glynn 1 ,

Jeff Graves 1 ,

Azure Hansen 1 ,

David Hayes 1 ,

Lukas Heidemann 2 ,

Bob Higashi 5 ,

Tyler Hilbun 1 ,

Jordan Hines 6 ,

Ariana Hlavaty 2 ,

Kyle Hoffman 1 ,

Ian M. Hoffman 1 ,

Craig Holliman 7 ,

Isobel Hooper 2 ,

Bob Horning 5 ,

James Hostetter 3 ,

Daniel Hothem 8 ,

Jack Houlton 1 ,

Jared Hout 1 ,

Ross Hutson 1 ,

Ryan T. Jacobs 1 ,

Trent Jacobs 1 ,

Melf Johannsen 2 ,

Jacob Johansen 1 ,

Loren Jones 1 ,

Sydney Julian 1 ,

Ryan Jung 5 ,

Aidan Keay 2 ,

Todd Klein 5 ,

Mark Koch 2 ,

Ryo Kondo 1 ,

Chang Kong 1 ,

Asa Kosto 1 ,

Alan Lawrence 2 ,

David Liefer 1 ,

Michelle Lollie 1 ,

Dominic Lucchetti 1 ,

Nathan K. Lysne 7 ,

Christian Lytle 1 ,

Callum MacPherson 2 ,

Andrew Malm 1 ,

Spencer Mather 1 ,

Brian Mathewson 1 ,

Daniel Maxwell 3 ,

Lauren McCaffrey 1 ,

Hannah McDougall 1 ,

Robin Mendoza 1 ,

David B. Miller 1 ,

Michael Mills 1 ,

Richard Morrison 2 ,

Louis Narmour 1 ,

Nhung Nguyen 1 ,

Lora Nugent 1 ,

Scott Olson 5 ,

Daniel Ouellette 5 ,

Jeremy Parks 1 ,

Zach Peters 1 ,

Timothy A. Peterson 3 ,

Jessie Petricka 1 ,

Juan M. Pino 1 ,

Frank Polito 1 ,

Andrew C. Potter 1 ,

Matthias Preidl 5 ,

Gabriel Price 1 ,

Timothy Proctor 8 ,

McKinley Pugh 1 ,

Noah Ratcliff 1 ,

Daisy Raymondson 1 ,

Peter Rhodes 1 ,

Conrad Roman 1 ,

Craig Roy 2 ,

Ciaran Ryan-Anderson 1 ,

Fernando Betanzo Sanchez 2 ,

George Sangiolo 2 ,

Tatiana Sawadski 2 ,

Andrew Schaffer 3 ,

Peter Schow 1 ,

Jon Sedlacek 3 ,

Henry Semenenko 2 ,

Peter Shevchuk 1 ,

Susan Shore 5 ,

Peter Siegfried 1 ,

Kartik Singhal 1 ,

Seyon Sivarajah 2 ,

Thomas Skripka 1 ,

Lucas Sletten 3 ,

Ben Spaun 1 ,

R. Tucker Sprenkle 1 ,

Paul Stoufer 1 ,

Mariel Tader 1 ,

Stephen F. Taylor 3 ,

Travis H. Thompson 2 ,

Raanan Tobey 1 ,

Anh Tran 1 ,

Tam Tran 1 ,

Grahame Vittorini 3 ,

Curtis Volin 3 ,

Jim Walker 1 ,

Sam White 2 ,

Garrett R. Williams 3 ,

Douglas Wilson 2 ,

Quinn Wolf 1 ,

Chester Wringe 2 ,

Kevin Young 8 ,

Jian Zheng 1 ,

Kristen Zuraski 1 ,

Charles H. Baldwin 1 ,

Alex Chernoguzov 1 ,

John P. Gaebler 1 ,

Steven J. Sanders 1 ,

Brian Neyenhuis 1 ,

Russell Stutz 1 &

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Justin G. Bohnet

ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-402X 1

Nature

( 2026 ) Cite this article

Abstract

Quantum computers require both high-fidelity operations and large qubit numbers to surpass classical capabilities 1 . Trapped-ion platforms have demonstrated the highest gate fidelities of any modality 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 but scaling to larger qubit numbers while preserving performance has remained a central challenge. We report on Quantinuum Helios, a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture 7 . Helios features 137 Ba + hyperfine qubits 8 , 9 , all-to-all connectivity enabled by a rotatable ion storage ring connecting two quantum operation regions by a junction 10 , 11 , speed improvements from parallelized operations 12 and a new software stack with real-time compilation of dynamic programs 13 . Averaged over all operational zones in the system, we achieve average infidelities of 2.5(1) × 10 −5 for single-qubit (1Q) gates, 7.9(2) × 10 −4 for two-qubit (2Q) gates and 3.3(5) × 10 −4 for state preparation and measurement (SPAM), none of which are fundamentally limited and probably able to be improved. These component infidelities are predictive of system-level performance in both random Clifford circuits and random circuit sampling (RCS), the l…