Broj oboljelih od raka u svijetu naglo će se povećati, a procjenjuje se da će ga dobiti 1 od 5 ljudi

The global number of cancer cases is set to rise dramatically, with projections indicating that one in five people will develop cancer during their lifetime. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the disease will directly affect nearly 92% of the world’s population—either due to personal diagnosis or the illness of a close family member. These alarming figures underscore a growing public health crisis that demands immediate attention and coordinated international effort.

The latest WHO report highlights a stark disparity in cancer outcomes between high-income and low-income nations. In wealthier countries, approximately 85% of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer or childhood cancers survive for at least five years following diagnosis. However, in poorer regions, this survival rate drops to just 30%. The report attributes these disparities to unequal access to preventive measures, early detection, and effective treatments. For instance, in low-income countries, fewer than 10% of patients receive the full range of recommended cancer therapies, compared to 94% in high-income nations. Additionally, 23 countries lack even basic radiation therapy facilities, further exacerbating the gap in care.

The report also reveals that cancer is becoming increasingly prevalent in certain regions. In 2024, Asia accounted for over half of all cancer cases and deaths, largely due to its vast population. Europe, despite housing only about 9% of the world’s population, recorded 21% of all cancer cases and 20% of deaths, indicating a disproportionate burden. Meanwhile, sub-Saharan Africa continues to see relatively lower incidence rates but significantly higher mortality rates. This paradox is attributed to limited healthcare infrastructure, delayed diagnoses, and inadequate treatment options.

Financial strain and emotional distress are additional consequences of cancer for both patients and their families. A global survey conducted by the WHO found that at least 45% of cancer patients experience severe financial hardship, often forcing them to choose between medical care and other essential expenses. Over half of respondents reported mental health challenges, while almost all caregivers faced intense pressure, including unpaid caregiving duties and social isolation. These findings highlight the multifaceted impact of cancer beyond mere physical symptoms, emphasizing the need for holistic support systems.

Dr. Andre Ilbawi, head of the WHO’s cancer control team, emphasized that while scientific advancements offer hope, they do not address the broader systemic issues affecting cancer survivors. He noted that the narrative surrounding cancer often focuses solely on technological progress and medical breakthroughs, neglecting the lived experiences of those affected. “This story is real and deserves our attention, but it is not the whole story,” he stated, underscoring the importance of addressing socioeconomic barriers to equitable care.

Despite these challenges, the report acknowledges some positive developments. Advances in early detection and treatment have led to improved outcomes for specific types of cancer, such as cervical cancer, which is now potentially curable with timely intervention. Moreover, global efforts to reduce tobacco use and promote healthier lifestyles have contributed to declining rates of smoking-related cancers. The WHO notes that nearly 40% of cancer cases are linked to preventable risk factors, including tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, sedentary behavior, and infections like HPV and hepatitis B/C.

To combat the projected increase in cancer cases—expected to reach nearly 35 million annually by 2050—the WHO calls for urgent action. This includes strengthening national cancer control programs, expanding access to affordable screening and treatment, and investing in public education campaigns. Prevention remains central to reducing future burdens, particularly in regions where lifestyle changes and policy interventions can make a meaningful difference.

As the global community grapples with the rising tide of cancer, the report serves as both a warning and a call to arms. It underscores that while science has made strides, the fight against cancer requires more than innovation—it demands equity, compassion, and sustained commitment to improving health outcomes for all.