Le leader de l'opposition vénézuélienne María Machado est de retour après des mois d'exil

Venezuelan opposition leader María Corina Machado returned to her homeland on Sunday, ending nearly a year of exile with a rapturous reception from thousands of supporters. The 59-year-old Nobel Peace Prize laureate announced her arrival via social media, posting, “I’m here. With you,” without initially disclosing the specific circumstances of her re-entry. Footage circulated online showed her in Barquisimeto, the capital of Lara state, located approximately 220 miles west of Caracas. There, she was greeted inside the Sanctuary of the Divine Shepherdess church by crowds holding mobile phones and chanting slogans such as “Freedom” and “We love you.” Machado’s return marks a significant shift in the volatile political landscape following the seizure of former President Nicolás Maduro by United States forces in January. Her close ally and former presidential candidate, Edmundo González Urrutia, confirmed the news from Spain, stating he was thrilled that his leader was back on Venezuelan soil. González indicated he would soon return to the country himself to help guide the political process toward freedom. An advisor to Machado noted that she had attempted to cross the border seven times in recent weeks, all of which were denied until Sunday. The timing of her return has created tension with the administration of US President Donald Trump, which has supported Maduro’s former vice-president, Delcy Rodríguez, as interim president. The Trump administration reportedly opposed Machado’s return earlier in the year, fearing her presence would complicate the diplomatic and economic relationship established with Rodríguez. In June, US officials asked Machado to delay her trip, citing concerns over stability. Despite these frictions, Secretary of State Marco Rubio claimed credit for the current situation, describing Machado’s safe return as a direct result of US-supported reconciliation talks. He stated that these negotiations have led to the release of hundreds of political prisoners and the return of other opposition figures from exile. President Trump addressed the matter at the White House on Sunday, saying he was unaware of the specifics of her entry. “I don’t know anything about it, but I think she’s a very nice woman,” Trump said. He referenced the Nobel Peace Prize medal Machado presented to him in recognition of the operation that removed Maduro. “She gave me her Nobel prize, so how can I say anything else?” he added, expressing hope for her safety while asserting that the US relationship with Venezuela under Rodríguez was proceeding well. Machado departed Venezuela covertly in late 2025 to collect her Nobel award in Norway. Prior to her departure, she had lived in hiding for over a year amidst a wave of arrests triggered by the controversial 2024 presidential election. In that election, her movement’s candidate, González, ran in her place after the government barred Machado from standing, citing alleged fraud and tax violations. The opposition argues that González actually won the vote, presenting copies of ballot tallies as evidence, while the government-aligned electoral authority declared Maduro the victor without publishing detailed results. Following Maduro’s capture and transfer to New York to face drug and weapons-related charges, Rodríguez assumed power with US backing. The two sides have since signed agreements regarding oil production, granting US companies access to substantial portions of Venezuela’s crude reserves. While Washington has prioritized economic stabilization and energy deals, Machado and her allies have pushed for new presidential elections by July 2027. It remains unclear if the US administration supports this specific timeline, given its strategic partnership with Rodríguez. Upon arriving in Barquisimeto, Machado began a journey eastward toward Caracas in a vehicle convoy. Images released by her aides showed her leaning out of a car’s sunroof to shake hands with supporters lining the roads in the state of Yaracuy. Members of the Venezuelan government had previously warned that security services would detain her upon her return. However, no interference was observed as she traveled, leading observers to suggest that Washington may have tacitly approved her passage and instructed the interim government to refrain from action. Machado’s return places the most influential figure in the opposition back at the center of Venezuelan politics. Her spokesperson described the move as a critical step toward a democratic transition and the eventual holding of free, fair, and verifiable elections. While Rodríguez has promised future elections, no date has been officially set. The interim government has allowed other exiled politicians and journalists to return, but permitting Machado to organize and campaign openly represents a far more consequential decision. Such a move could either accelerate a political transition or create significant pressure on Washington to respond to any restrictions placed on her activities. The political dynamics remain complex. Trump stated in September that it was premature to discuss democratic elections in Venezuela, focusing instead on business ventures and oil deals. Conversely, Machado has argued that only a serious, democratic government can provide the necessary stability for investors. As she moves toward the capital, the focus shifts to how the interim government will handle her presence and whether the reconciliation process touted by US officials can withstand the renewed influence of the opposition leader. The outcome of these interactions will likely determine the pace and nature of Venezuela’s path forward in the coming months.