Le Royaume-Uni nationalise le dernier haut fourneau fonctionnel de la société chinoise

The UK has nationalised Scunthorpe Steelworks, the country’s last operational blast furnace facility, from its Chinese owner, Jingye Group. The move came after the Labour government passed the Steel Industry (Nationalisation) Act, allowing it to seize control of the mill, which had been purchased by the Chinese Communist Party-linked company. The decision marks a dramatic shift in British industrial policy, with the government asserting that the steelworks is of strategic importance to national security and economic resilience. The nationalisation followed months of political pressure and legal maneuvering. In spring, the government had already taken temporary control of the plant, citing concerns that Jingye Group planned to shut down its two blast furnaces. These furnaces, essential for producing raw steel, require continuous operation to prevent the cooling and solidification of molten slag, a process that makes restarting them prohibitively expensive. By keeping the furnaces active, the UK retained a critical element of its steel production capability, which had dwindled significantly since the closure of other mills. Until the government’s intervention, the Chinese-owned plant represented the sole remaining source of virgin steel in the UK. Jingye Group acquired British Steel in 2023, with its founder and chairman, Li Ganpo, a prominent member of the Chinese Communist Party, serving as a delegate to the 11th National People’s Congress. The acquisition raised alarms among some British officials and industry experts, who feared that the company might prioritize profit over long-term investment in the UK’s industrial base. Reports suggest that Jingye had previously considered shutting down the plant, even as it continued to operate under the guise of maintaining operations. This led to urgent calls for government action, culminating in the passage of the nationalisation act. The government has admitted that the move is costly, acknowledging that British Steel is heavily indebted and unprofitable. However, it argues that the strategic value of preserving the steelworks outweighs financial considerations. A government statement noted that the decision to nationalise the plant was made after an independent evaluation, though the exact terms of compensation for Jingye remain unclear. While the Chinese company initially demanded £1 billion, the UK government has reportedly offered a much lower sum, possibly around £100 million. Some analysts believe that Jingye may receive nothing, given the plant’s liabilities could exceed its assets. Reform UK, a political party known for its anti-immigration stance and skepticism toward corporate influence, had long supported the nationalisation of British Steel. Its leader, Richard Tice, argued that the government should not compensate Jingye beyond a symbolic amount, just one pound sterling. He claimed that the decision aligns with his vision of reducing corporate power and increasing public control over vital industries. Tice also emphasized the need for substantial investment in modernizing the blast furnaces to ensure their viability for decades. The case of Scunthorpe Steelworks reflects broader tensions between the UK and China over foreign ownership of strategic assets. Concerns have grown in recent years about Chinese firms acquiring Western infrastructure and technology through indirect means, sometimes linked to state-backed entities. The UK’s actions in nationalising the steelworks signal a growing willingness to challenge such acquisitions, especially in sectors deemed crucial to national interests. As the government moves forward with plans to invest in the plant, the focus will likely shift to how it balances economic recovery with geopolitical considerations.