La Turquie et l'Irak signent un accord d'un an sur le pipeline pétrolier dans un contexte de changement mondial

Turkiye and Iraq have signed a one-year agreement to maintain the flow of crude oil through the Kirkuk-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline, ensuring a daily capacity of 750,000 barrels. The deal was announced shortly after a high-level visit by Iraq’s prime minister to Ankara, marking a critical step in stabilizing energy exports amid shifting global dynamics. The agreement was reached between Turkish state firm BOTAS and Iraq’s state oil companies SOMO and NOC, effectively reviving the pipeline after its previous arrangement expired. The renewed agreement follows a period of uncertainty for Iraq’s oil sector, which saw a sharp decline in exports following U.S.-led strikes on Iran in late February. These attacks disrupted shipments through the Gulf, leading to a collapse in Iraqi oil exports by over 80 percent within weeks. Monthly revenue from oil dropped from approximately $6 billion to less than $2 billion during this time. The Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline has become a vital lifeline for Baghdad, offering an alternative route to the Mediterranean and helping to mitigate some of the losses caused by the disruption. Turkish Energy Minister Alparslan Bayraktar stated that the agreement was reached after a productive meeting in Ankara with Iraqi Oil Minister Bassem Mohammed Khudair. He emphasized that while efforts continue toward a long-term framework agreement, the current arrangement ensures continued transit of oil through the pipeline. The pipeline, which stretches from Iraq to Turkiye, has a maximum capacity of 1.5 million barrels per day, though actual flows have remained significantly lower in recent years. Currently, the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline transports roughly 170,000 barrels per day, primarily from oil fields in Iraq’s Kurdistan region. However, these fields have faced frequent attacks from drones and missiles since the escalation of tensions with Iran. Despite these challenges, the pipeline continues to serve as a crucial conduit for Iraqi crude, especially as Iran’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz earlier this year forced Baghdad to seek alternative export routes. Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi praised the agreement, calling it “an important strategic milestone.” He noted that the two governments will work together to finalize a broader framework agreement covering multiple sectors, including oil, electricity, water resources, and other areas of mutual interest. This collaboration aims to enhance regional stability and promote economic development. The renewed pipeline agreement also reflects Ankara’s interest in expanding the pipeline’s reach to include crude from Iraq’s southern oil fields. Both sides have expressed ongoing discussions regarding a long-term deal that would further integrate their energy infrastructure. Such an expansion could provide additional revenue streams for Iraq and strengthen Turkey’s role as a key player in regional energy trade. With global oil markets undergoing rapid changes due to geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions, the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline represents a strategic asset for both nations. As the two governments move forward with implementing the agreement, the focus remains on securing stable oil flows and advancing cooperative frameworks that benefit both economies. The immediate success of the one-year deal underscores the importance of maintaining reliable energy corridors in an increasingly volatile international landscape.