La mine d'or de Trump: où sont passés 13 milliards de dollars ?

The disappearance of $13 billion in Venezuelan oil revenues has become a central issue amid growing political tensions and economic uncertainty. The controversy centers around how the United States manages funds generated from the sale of Venezuelan crude oil following its military intervention in January, which led to the ousting of President Nicolás Maduro. According to reports from financial analysts and independent data tracking firms, over $13 billion worth of oil has been exported since then, with estimates placing the direct value of shipments at approximately $11.5 billion. However, the exact allocation and use of these funds remain unclear, raising concerns among both domestic and international observers. The U.S. government claims it operates under a custodial arrangement, asserting that the money belongs to Venezuela and is being managed solely for the benefit of its citizens. This framework was established through an executive order issued by President Donald Trump, which granted the U.S. temporary control over the proceeds from oil sales. Despite this official stance, the transparency surrounding the handling of these funds has been limited. A dedicated website was set up by the Venezuelan government to track disbursements, yet it has only listed one transaction, $300 million allocated in March. This lack of detailed information has fueled speculation and criticism. Amid this ambiguity, there have been conflicting statements from U.S. officials. While the Energy Department initially stated that the funds would be used “for the benefit of American and Venezuelan people,” Trump later claimed that the U.S. had recouped the costs of the military operation “28 times” through oil revenue. He further asserted that the country is receiving substantial financial benefits from Venezuela’s oil exports. During recent remarks, he reiterated his belief that Venezuela is still not ready for new elections, despite praising the work of interim president Delcy Rodríguez. Rodríguez, who has taken charge of the country’s affairs since Maduro’s removal, faces mounting pressure to provide greater clarity on the use of these funds. Her administration’s efforts to maintain stability have been met with skepticism, particularly given the ongoing political instability and economic crisis. In response to the lack of transparency, members of Congress from both parties have called for more accountability. Republican congresswoman Maria Elvira Salazar demanded the release of all expenditure reports, arguing that complete transparency is essential. Democratic congressman Joaquin Castro warned that the Trump administration's management of these funds lacks sufficient oversight, describing the situation as part of a broader pattern involving power, strength, and corruption. Analysts suggest that the absence of comprehensive reporting could hinder Venezuela’s potential economic recovery. Oil accounts for roughly a quarter of the country’s gross domestic product, leading many economists to expect significant growth after sanctions were lifted and export revenues increased. Yet, official GDP growth for the first quarter of the year stood at just 2.5 percent, the lowest in nearly five years. Economist Francisco Rodriguez pointed to the U.S. failure to fully transfer additional revenues as a key factor. Similarly, Spanish economist Jose Guerra noted the need for greater transparency, questioning where the missing funds are and why they remain unaccounted for. As the debate continues, the role of external actors such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) has also come into focus. The U.S. has expressed support for Venezuela’s decision to withdraw from the ICC, citing its perceived corruption and inefficiency. The court had been investigating alleged crimes committed by Maduro since 2018, but has produced no tangible results. Instead, critics argue that the institution has focused its resources on cases involving individuals from countries with functioning legal systems. The U.S. position reflects a broader geopolitical strategy aimed at reshaping Venezuela’s international standing and reducing its reliance on institutions deemed hostile to Western interests.