Une nouvelle raffinerie pétrolière au Kenya pour stimuler l'économie

A new oil refinery project in Kenya, set to be located on the island of Lamu off the country’s coast, has been confirmed by Nigerian billionaire and business magnate Aliko Dangote. The facility, with a planned production capacity of up to 700,000 barrels per day, is expected to significantly impact both Kenya and the broader East African region once operational. It will become the second-largest refinery in Africa, according to reports. The decision to site the refinery in Lamu follows months of competition between Kenya and Tanzania for the investment. Dangote, who has long sought to expand his influence beyond Nigeria, has chosen Lamu after extensive negotiations with Kenyan President William Ruto. While the government has yet to release specific guarantees for the project, officials have acknowledged ongoing discussions aimed at securing necessary support. Oge Onubogu, director of the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, highlighted the potential economic benefits of the project. She noted that local communities view the investment positively due to its promise of job creation and economic growth. “It is a massive undertaking, but one that is desperately needed on the continent and in the region,” she stated. However, the scale of the project raises concerns over funding and regulatory hurdles. Dangote Industries Limited has not disclosed the projected costs of the venture, though media reports suggest the total cost could reach up to $17 billion (€14.7 billion). This would make it one of the largest privately funded industrial projects in the region. According to Bloomberg, the company plans to finance the project through a combination of retained earnings and proceeds from a planned initial public offering (IPO) of Dangote Petroleum Refinery. Despite these financial strategies, the Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission has stated that it has neither received nor approved an IPO application. Additionally, Dangote has argued that anti-dumping measures are essential to prevent cheaper imported fuels from undercutting local refineries. These measures, however, have sparked debate among experts regarding their potential impact on Kenya’s economy. Leo Kemboi, an economics professor at the Institute of Economic Affairs Kenya, expressed caution about the implications of such large-scale investments. He warned that excessive tax incentives could lead to public backlash, citing past experiences with similar projects. “If too many tax breaks are offered, it won’t be acceptable to Kenyans, just like it already has been with many other investments,” he said. Kemboi further emphasized that Kenyans often resist perceived corruption or market monopolization. “Anything that seems suspicious in Kenya tends to fail in the end,” he added, highlighting the delicate balance required to manage such major infrastructure developments. Meanwhile, work on the project is progressing. Geotechnical studies on Lamu are underway, and engineering and planning activities have begun. Construction is expected to take three to five years. However, environmental concerns remain prominent, particularly regarding the impact on the historic Old Town of Lamu, which is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The challenge lies in balancing the economic benefits of the refinery against the need to preserve the area’s cultural and ecological integrity. Environmental assessments are being conducted to evaluate the potential effects of the refinery on the surrounding ecosystem. Officials acknowledge that navigating this complex landscape will require careful management over the coming years. Despite these challenges, Kemboi remains optimistic about Kenya’s ability to adopt more sustainable technologies. He believes the country is moving toward greener and more environmentally responsible practices, even as it pursues ambitious industrial projects.