Merz et Macron annoncent une coopération renforcée en matière de défense, y compris la dissuasion nucléaire

French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz have announced plans to strengthen military cooperation, including joint nuclear deterrence efforts, during a high-level meeting in Germany. The two leaders convened at the Augustusburg Palace near Cologne for a combined defense and security council session, followed by a joint press conference. This follows their earlier dinner meeting, where they discussed ongoing tensions over the European Union’s defense initiatives. The meeting comes amid growing concerns over the collapse of the Franco-German project to develop a new European combat aircraft, known as FCAS. Last month, disagreements between France's Dassault Aviation and the European consortium led by Airbus, representing Germany and Spain, resulted in the suspension of the project. The failure has raised questions about the future of Franco-German collaboration in defense matters, particularly in light of broader challenges to European unity. During the meeting, both leaders emphasized the need to protect European sovereignty, security, and collective defense. Merz highlighted the importance of strengthening NATO commitments, noting that Germany will participate in French nuclear exercises this year. “This complements our nuclear cooperation and missile defense within NATO,” he stated. He also confirmed that Germany would join coalition exercises with Ukraine later this autumn, though the exact format of these collaborations remains under discussion. Macron, meanwhile, stressed France’s continued role as one of Western Europe’s two nuclear powers, alongside the United Kingdom. He noted that maintaining control over decision-making processes in nuclear deterrence is crucial, especially given upcoming presidential elections in France. These elections could see far-right candidate Marine Le Pen emerge victorious, which Macron warned might introduce additional uncertainty regarding European defense efforts against Russian threats. Both leaders criticized China for allegedly violating international trade rules, citing its provision of significantly higher state subsidies to its industries compared to other nations in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Merz expressed concern over the impact of such practices on European jobs and called for dialogue on currency and industrial capacity rather than trade wars. In addition to nuclear deterrence, discussions focused on enhancing air defenses and radar systems. A working group was proposed to deepen collaboration in these areas, along with addressing issues related to European competitiveness, budget allocation, and countering disinformation campaigns. The meeting underscored the shared commitment of France and Germany to reinforcing their strategic partnership despite recent setbacks in defense projects. Macron urged caution regarding public opinion polls predicting Le Pen’s victory, emphasizing trust in the French electorate. “Be wary of polls,” he advised. “Trust the French people, don’t always predict the worst.” His remarks reflect broader anxieties about the potential shift in political direction and its implications for transatlantic and European alliances. As the two leaders continue to navigate complex geopolitical landscapes, their renewed focus on defense cooperation signals a determination to uphold European solidarity in an increasingly uncertain world.