Le déficit de la mousson menace les récoltes d'Onam au Kerala

Monsoon deficits have placed Kerala's agricultural sector under severe strain, threatening the prospects of crops crucial for the upcoming Onam festival. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the state has faced a 35% shortfall in rainfall during the current southwest monsoon period, which ran from June 1 to July 21. This has left farmers across 12 of the state’s 14 districts struggling with acute water stress, with one district classified as severely deficient. The impact is particularly pronounced in high-altitude regions, where the rainfall deficit has reached nearly two-thirds of the expected amount. Kerala’s Wayanad district has suffered the most, recording a 61% rainfall deficit. The area received only 530.1 mm of rain compared to the expected 1,285.6 mm. Similarly, Idukki, another hill district, has seen a 59% shortfall. Key agricultural zones such as Kollam, Palakkad, Thrissur, and Ernakulam have also experienced significant drops in rainfall, ranging from 32% to 39%. In contrast, Thiruvananthapuram was the only district to stay within normal rainfall levels, recording a mere 10% deficit. The prolonged dry spell has raised alarms among farmers who are preparing for the Onam festival, which typically sees a surge in demand for seasonal crops and flowers. Floriculture, which has grown substantially to meet the festive need for elaborate floral arrangements known as Pookkalams, is being severely impacted. Crops like marigold and jasmine are showing signs of moisture stress, resulting in stunted growth and early wilting. Farmers in Thiruvananthapuram expressed concern over the potential collapse of local production, which could force the state to depend heavily on imported flowers from Tamil Nadu. The situation is equally dire for essential food crops that are central to the Onam festival. Nendran banana, a staple in many households, requires consistent soil moisture during its bunching stage. Farmers in Palakkad warned that inadequate rainfall could result in smaller fruit sizes, reducing their market value. They noted that this could trigger a ripple effect, affecting other crops cultivated specifically for the festival, potentially leading to supply shortages and sharp increases in prices. Experts caution that if the weak monsoon conditions continue beyond July, the consequences could be far-reaching. They predict that the rainfall shortfall might disrupt the supply chain and cause significant price hikes during the Onam season. The Onam harvest serves as a vital income source for numerous smallholder farmers. A deficiency in rainfall during this period not only reduces yield size but also diminishes the marketability of the produce. Without adequate sizing, farmers face challenges in negotiating fair prices with wholesale traders, ultimately leading to higher costs for consumers due to reduced availability. As the monsoon season continues to falter, the focus shifts to how the agricultural community will adapt to these adverse conditions. With the Onam festival approaching, the urgency to mitigate the effects of the rainfall deficit grows. Farmers are exploring alternative methods to sustain their crops, while officials are considering measures to support them through this challenging time. The coming weeks will determine whether the situation stabilizes or worsens, shaping the agricultural landscape of Kerala for the rest of the year.