25 États poursuivent les derniers tarifs de l'administration Trump, citant la décision de la Cour suprême

Twenty-five states filed lawsuits against the Trump administration on Monday, challenging the latest round of tariffs as an attempt to circumvent a Supreme Court ruling that invalidated previous measures. The states argue that the new tariffs are a pretext for reinstating import taxes that were previously deemed unlawful. The legal action comes as the administration seeks to address trade imbalances through a different legislative framework. The tariffs, which apply to 59 countries and the European Union, impose rates ranging from 10% to 12.5%. They target nations accused of failing to adequately combat the production of goods using forced labor. These measures took effect just days before the expiration of temporary 10% tariffs that had been implemented following the Supreme Court’s rejection of the administration’s initial approach. Those earlier tariffs, introduced under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, were found to lack legal basis by the judiciary, prompting the administration to seek alternative methods to recover lost revenue. New York Attorney General Letitia James led the legal challenge, stating that the new tariffs represent another illegal effort to increase costs for both families and businesses. She emphasized that the administration’s actions contradict the principles of fair trade and undermine economic stability. The lawsuit claims that the current tariff structure is designed to bypass the legal constraints imposed by the Supreme Court. President Trump has long advocated for higher tariffs as a means to bolster domestic manufacturing. His administration reversed longstanding U.S. trade policies that supported lower tariffs and freer trade. By invoking the 1977 International Emergency Economic Powers Act, Trump justified the imposition of steep tariffs on nearly all imported goods, arguing that the nation’s trade deficit posed a national crisis. However, the Supreme Court ruled that this act did not grant the executive branch the power to levy such tariffs. In response to the court’s decision, the administration sought to recoup funds by implementing temporary 10% tariffs globally. These measures were set to expire on July 24, creating a gap in the administration’s strategy. To fill this void, the administration turned to Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, which allows the president to impose import taxes and sanctions on countries engaging in unfair trade practices. This provision was previously used to enact large-scale tariffs on Chinese imports during Trump’s first presidential term, and those measures withstood judicial scrutiny. White House spokesperson Kush Desai defended the new tariffs, asserting that they fall within the administration’s lawful authority. He stated that the use of Section 301 is necessary to address the issue of forced labor in global supply chains. According to Desai, the failure of foreign governments to prohibit the importation of goods made under such conditions constitutes an unreasonable burden on U.S. commerce. He highlighted that these tariffs have historically served as an effective tool for enforcing trade compliance. As the legal battle unfolds, the outcome could determine whether the administration can continue using Section 301 to pursue its trade agenda. The states’ lawsuits may lead to further litigation, potentially affecting future trade policies and international relations. The situation underscores the ongoing tension between regulatory enforcement and legal boundaries in U.S. trade law.