BGThe terrible historical roots of tensions between Poland and Ukraine
Tensions between Poland and Ukraine have been reignited by historical references to the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), groups active during World War II. In May, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy officially named a special operations unit after the UPA, which is celebrated in Ukraine as freedom fighters against Soviet occupation. However, in Poland, these groups are remembered for their role in a genocide campaign against Polish civilians, according to analyses like those published by Foreign Policy. Shortly before Zelenskyy’s announcement, Ukraine held a second burial ceremony for Andriy Melnyk, another controversial figure associated with OUN. These actions have sparked negative reactions across the political spectrum in Poland, leading to calls for stricter conditions for Ukraine’s EU accession. The Polish president withdrew a prestigious honor from Zelenskyy, while both right-wing and leftist politicians urged Warsaw to take a firm stance. Meanwhile, Russian President Vladimir Putin has criticized both sides, calling UPA members fascists but warning Ukrainians that Poland is reviving this history to justify territorial
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