How the military collects and detonates ammunition waste at Säntis

The Swiss military conducted a routine cleanup operation on the Säntis mountain, removing unexploded ordnance and leftover munitions from training exercises held there. The operation took place recently, with specialized troops gathering remnants such as parts of artillery shells and fragments from anti-tank weapons. These items were collected in burlap sacks and transported via helicopter to the valley, where they were sorted and disposed of. Approximately 60 soldiers and bomb disposal experts participated over several days, continuing a periodic effort that occurs roughly every two to three years. The Säntis, the highest peak of the Alps, attracts thousands of hikers, climbers, and nature enthusiasts each year. It is also home to one of Switzerland’s largest live-fire training ranges, used by the army approximately 60 days annually. Due to its remote and rugged terrain, the military employs specialized units trained in mountain warfare to handle the collection and removal of hazardous materials left behind after drills. This task requires careful navigation through difficult landscapes, often involving heavy equipment and aerial support. During the recent operation, personnel marked unexploded ordnance, commonly referred to as “blindgänger”, to ensure safe detonation later. In past years, ground observers using binoculars patrolled the area to identify potential hazards. However, the military has increasingly relied on drones for improved safety and efficiency. A soldier noted that this technology helps protect wildlife, such as ibex and chamois, by allowing real-time monitoring and immediate alerts when animals are near active sites. If an animal is spotted, the team must halt operations until the area is deemed safe. Commanding officer Christian Wildermuth explained that while drone technology enhances security, environmental conditions still pose challenges. For example, dry weather can delay the detonation process, as moisture is necessary for proper ignition. Despite these obstacles, the military maintains that current protocols are sufficient, given the relatively low volume of debris generated by their ammunition. According to Wildermuth, frequent cleanups would be too costly, as resources are limited and the risk of encountering dangerous objects remains minimal under normal circumstances. The cleanup process involves multiple stages, starting with the identification and marking of hazardous materials in the field. Once identified, these items are carefully transported to designated areas for controlled detonation. The use of helicopters ensures rapid evacuation of collected material, reducing exposure risks for personnel. After sorting, the waste is either incinerated or disposed of in accordance with strict environmental regulations. This method minimizes long-term contamination of the surrounding ecosystem. The military continues to refine its procedures, balancing operational necessity with ecological responsibility. While the frequency of cleanups is dictated by logistical and financial constraints, ongoing advancements in surveillance and detection technologies aim to further reduce risks. As the Säntis remains a popular destination for both recreation and military training, the collaboration between civilian visitors and armed forces highlights the shared goal of maintaining public safety in a region of natural beauty and strategic importance.