TRThe article explores the historical relationship between astronomy and philosophy in the Islamic world, focusing on how astronomy evolved from a philosophical pursuit into a respected scientific discipline. It highlights the roles of institutions like the Maragha and Samarkand observatories in advancing Islamic scholarship. The piece discusses how astronomy became essential for religious practices, such as determining prayer times and the direction of prayer, which gave it social legitimacy. It also examines how figures like Ibn Sina contributed to distinguishing astronomy from astrology, reinforcing its status as a mathematical science. The article references F. Jamil Ragep’s work, emphasizing the shift in how astronomy was perceived and integrated into Islamic intellectual traditions.
Bias read (Center): The article presents a balanced overview of the historical development of astronomy in the Islamic world, discussing both its philosophical roots and its evolution into a practical and institutionalized science. It does not take a clear ideological stance, nor does it emphasize any particular group,
