Supreme Court affirms Susan Yap’s mandate as Tarlac City mayor

The Supreme Court of the Philippines has reaffirmed the electoral victory of Susan Yap as mayor of Tarlac City, overturning a prior decision by the Commission on Elections (Comelec) that had disqualified her from running. The high court's en banc ruling, announced on June 3, granted Yap's petition to annul the Comelec resolution that had canceled her certificate of candidacy. This decision effectively reinstates her position as mayor, validating the results of the 2025 mayoral election in which she emerged victorious. The controversy surrounding Yap's eligibility began with allegations regarding her residency. Private respondents challenged her candidacy, asserting that she did not meet the legal requirements for being a resident of Tarlac City. Comelec's Second Division initially rejected these claims, but the Comelec en banc later reversed course, citing concerns over Yap's residency status. As a result, her certificate of candidacy was canceled, and she was deemed ineligible to hold office. Yap appealed the decision, taking her case to the Supreme Court. She argued that the Comelec had misinterpreted the criteria for establishing domicile and had overlooked substantial evidence demonstrating her long-standing connection to Tarlac. On November 4, 2025, the Supreme Court issued a status quo ante order, allowing Yap to continue serving as mayor during the legal proceedings. This interim measure permitted her to carry out her duties while the case was under review. In its final ruling, the Supreme Court emphasized that the concept of residence for election purposes is defined by domicile rather than physical presence. It concluded that temporary absences or intermittent stays do not equate to abandoning one's home. The court highlighted Yap's extensive ties to Tarlac, including her voter registration, government records, property ownership, and ongoing involvement in public service. These factors were deemed sufficient to establish her domicile within the city. The court's decision also underscored the importance of respecting the electorate's choice. It explicitly stated that the judiciary recognizes and upholds the will of the people, affirming that Yap's victory in the 2025 elections should stand unchallenged. By nullifying the Comelec's earlier resolution, the Supreme Court restored Yap's eligibility to serve and confirmed her official proclamation as mayor. Reacting to the ruling, Yap expressed gratitude for the court's decision, calling it a triumph not just for her administration but for the citizens of Tarlac City who supported her campaign. She emphasized that the legal battle had tested both her resolve and the integrity of the judicial system. Yap reiterated her commitment to improving public services, fostering economic growth, and enhancing the well-being of Tarlac residents. The case originated when opponents of Yap's candidacy raised doubts about her residency status. Despite initial dismissal by Comelec's Second Division, the en banc panel ultimately sided with the challengers, leading to the cancellation of Yap's certificate of candidacy. This reversal prompted Yap to seek intervention from the Supreme Court, which eventually intervened to ensure due process and a fair evaluation of the evidence. The Supreme Court's decision has now settled the dispute, reinforcing the principle that electoral outcomes must be respected unless there is clear and convincing evidence to the contrary. With her position as mayor officially recognized once again, Yap can focus on implementing her agenda and addressing the needs of Tarlac City's population. The ruling serves as a reminder of the judiciary's role in safeguarding democratic processes and ensuring that the voices of voters are heard and honored.