Pentagon chief announces a review of US forces presence in Europe and a NATO 3.0. Washington no longer guarantees the provision of essential military capabilities in case of activation of NATO Article 5

In a significant shift in U.S. military strategy within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth announced on Thursday a comprehensive review of American troop deployments in Europe. This move comes amid growing tensions between the United States and some European allies over defense spending and mutual support during crises. During a meeting of NATO defense ministers in Brussels, Hegseth emphasized that the Pentagon will conduct an extensive analysis of its forces stationed in Europe over the next six months. The review aims to assess whether NATO is progressing toward a model where European countries take greater responsibility for their own security.

Hegseth's remarks were part of a broader critique directed at European allies who have refused to allow U.S. forces access to their bases and air corridors for operations against Iran. He described this refusal as "shameful," arguing that such decisions endanger American troops and compromise the U.S.'s ability to respond effectively during critical moments. His comments highlight deepening strains between Washington and parts of the European alliance, particularly concerning differences in approach to the Middle East conflict and the role of NATO in today’s international landscape.

Beyond military matters, Hegseth criticized European policies related to migration, gender equality, and climate change, suggesting that these issues have diverted attention and resources away from defense investments. He pointed out that instead of focusing on tanks, fighter jets, and air defense systems, many European governments have prioritized social topics at the expense of military preparedness. This criticism echoes previous statements made by other high-ranking U.S. officials, including Vice President JD Vance, whose remarks last year sparked strong reactions in European capitals.

The announcement of a potential "NATO 3.0" underscores the administration's push for a transformation of the alliance into a structure capable of functioning with reduced American contributions and increased European involvement. This vision aligns with the long-standing policy of former President Donald Trump, which has consistently urged European allies to increase their defense budgets and reduce reliance on U.S. military support. Hegseth reiterated the demand that European nations allocate at least 3.5 percent of their GDP to defense, emphasizing that the U.S. would prioritize cooperation with countries adhering to this target.

Recent developments indicate that the U.S. has already begun reducing its military contributions to NATO crisis response capabilities. Last month, Washington informed its allies that it had decided to cut certain immediate military contributions available for the alliance in case of a crisis. This decision raised urgent questions as leaders prepare for a NATO summit in Ankara scheduled for July 7–8. Hegseth stressed that the U.S. would communicate both privately and publicly which countries need to contribute more to meet their commitments, stating that being honest with friends is crucial.

General Secretary of NATO Mark Rutte acknowledged that the reduction in U.S. contributions to NATO crisis response forces has already taken effect. While he assured journalists that all allies, including the U.S., would use their full capacities should a war break out, he expressed some hesitation about openly discussing the implications of the cuts. Meanwhile, several ministers presented proposals to increase their contributions to NATO crisis response forces during the Brussels meeting. Belgium's Defense Minister Theo Francken stated that his country would contribute more to NATO crisis response forces, including fighter jets and drones, to help replace some American capabilities.

European concerns about filling these gaps persist, as many European countries lack weapons such as missiles that could immediately substitute for U.S. military assets. As discussions continue, the challenge remains how quickly European nations can bolster their military readiness to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the NATO alliance in the face of evolving global threats.