India's Supreme Court is facing conflicting advice over whether to allow the commercial production of new 'green' firecrackers designed to reduce air pollution. CSIR-NEERI, a research institute, has approved these crackers, claiming they reduce particulate matter emissions by 40–60% compared to traditional fireworks. However, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) opposes this, citing the presence of barium nitrate—a substance explicitly banned by the Supreme Court in 2018. The CPCB argues that even reduced amounts of barium violate the court’s order and questions the completeness of the emission-reduction claims. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has submitted an affidavit to the court, seeking clarification on the issue. New formulations developed by Tamil Nadu's fireworks industry aim to cut barium usage but still include trace amounts, raising legal and environmental concerns.
Bias read (Center): The article presents both perspectives—CSIR-NEERI's approval of the new formulations and CPCB's objections—without overtly favoring either side. It includes direct quotes from both organizations and provides context about the Supreme Court's previous ruling on barium. No loaded language or one-sided



