"Light pollution is advancing at a crazy speed": the eclipse that will test the Balearic sky

On August 12, the skies over the Balearic Islands will witness a rare celestial event: a total solar eclipse coinciding with sunset. This phenomenon, described by experts as one of the most exceptional astronomical occurrences in recent decades, will transform the islands into a prime location for both astronomy enthusiasts and tourists eager to experience the spectacle. The event will begin with a partial eclipse as the Moon gradually covers the Sun, followed by a brief period of totality lasting just under a minute, during which the Sun’s corona, a faint halo usually hidden by its intense brightness, will become visible. After this, the Moon will move away, returning the sky to partial eclipse conditions until the Sun sets behind the horizon, creating a unique visual display that will not occur again in the region for two centuries. The eclipse will take place at a very low angle above the horizon, approximately 2.4 degrees, making it appear close to the edge of the Earth. According to Amado Carbonell, spokesperson for the Institut Astronòmic de Mallorca and president of the Observatory of Costitx, the best viewing spot will be the Balearic Sea. The partial eclipse will occur along the line separating the sky from the Mediterranean, and after the phase of totality, as the Moon begins to retreat, the Sun will start to set on the western horizon. The shadow of the eclipse will sweep across the Iberian Peninsula from west to east, from Asturias to the Valencian Community, before leaving Spanish territory through the southernmost point of Formentera, known as Cape Barbaria. While the visual appeal of the event is undeniable, experts caution that its scientific value is limited. Carbonell explained that the information obtainable from observing the solar corona during this eclipse would be minimal compared to similar events occurring at midday, when dynamic phenomena can be studied more effectively. He likened the experience to looking at the Sun through a glass of water, emphasizing the lack of substantial scientific data that could be gathered. Unlike the 1905 eclipse, which attracted international scientific expeditions to the Balearics, this event will not see such large-scale research efforts. However, it will still provide opportunities for capturing images and collecting some basic astronomical data. The Generalitat de Catalunya has designated 23 official observation points across the region to ensure public safety during the eclipse. These locations have been chosen based on their accessibility and optimal viewing conditions. Authorities urge spectators to use proper eye protection, as looking directly at the Sun, even during an eclipse, can cause serious eye damage. The selected sites include open spaces, beaches, and designated areas within nature reserves, offering both safe and scenic vantage points for observers. In addition to the scientific community, local tourism officials are preparing for a surge in visitors drawn by the rarity of the event. Javier Ares, representative of Polaris Menorca and former president of the Biosphere Reserve of Menorca, recommended that those who have never witnessed an eclipse should consider traveling to Balears or other northern regions of Spain, such as Asturias or Galicia, where the eclipse will be more clearly visible. The convergence of the eclipse with sunset is expected to create a visually stunning effect, drawing attention from around the world. Local authorities and astronomical organizations are working together to manage crowds and ensure that the event is both enjoyable and secure for all participants. They emphasize the importance of following safety guidelines and respecting environmental protections in sensitive areas. As the date approaches, anticipation continues to build among residents and visitors alike, who are eager to witness this extraordinary alignment of celestial bodies.