GHANA: ‘This Is Bigger than Lgbtqi+ Rights – It’s about the Kind of Society We Want to Be’

In late May 2026, Ghana's parliament passed the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill, marking a significant shift in the nation's approach to LGBTQI+ rights. The legislation, which awaits the signature of President John Dramani Mahama, introduces severe penalties for individuals identifying as LGBTQI+, as well as those perceived to support or advocate for such identities. Under the proposed law, LGBTQI+ individuals could face imprisonment for up to three years, while those supporting their cause might receive sentences ranging from three to five years. This move aligns Ghana with several other West African nations, including Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and Senegal, all of which have enacted similar anti-LGBTQI+ measures in recent years. The bill represents a substantial evolution from the earlier version introduced in 2024, which had already been criticized for its stringent provisions. Although then-president Nana Akufo-Addo did not sign the initial proposal, the current iteration retains most of its controversial elements. Critics argue that the law extends its reach beyond mere identity and relationships, impacting areas such as freedom of association, education, expression, healthcare access, and human rights advocacy. Leila Lariba, executive director of One Love Sisters Ghana, emphasizes that the law serves more as a mechanism for legitimizing discrimination rather than addressing legitimate societal concerns. The timing of the bill's introduction coincides with a period of economic uncertainty in Ghana, where issues like unemployment and governance challenges dominate public discourse. This has led to a redirection of attention toward marginalized communities, particularly the LGBTQI+ population. Behind the push for the bill lies a coalition comprising political figures, conservative religious groups, and traditional leaders who portray LGBTQI+ rights as a threat to cultural and familial values. However, this perspective overlooks Ghana's rich tapestry of diversity and the presence of LGBTQI+ individuals within every community and faith group. As the bill moves closer to becoming law, uncertainty surrounds whether President Mahama will ultimately sign it. Regardless of his decision, the prolonged debate has already instilled fear among many citizens, fostering an environment conducive to discrimination and reducing feelings of security. Organizations like One Love Sisters Ghana have noted an increase in incidents such as blackmail, evictions, family rejections, mental health crises, online harassment, and workplace discrimination. These developments have prompted many individuals to avoid seeking necessary healthcare, legal assistance, or psychosocial support due to fears of exposure or targeting. The implications of the bill extend beyond individual experiences. Community organizations, healthcare providers, human rights defenders, and support networks face increased risks, potentially hindering access to essential services and protections for vulnerable populations. For Leila Lariba, navigating multiple layers of exclusion as a queer Muslim activist underscores the complexity faced by many LGBTQI+ individuals in Ghana. Balancing identity, faith, family, and personal safety has become increasingly challenging under these circumstances. In response to the proposed legislation, Ghana's LGBTQI+ communities demonstrate remarkable resilience. Activist groups continue to work tirelessly to raise awareness, challenge discriminatory narratives, and advocate for inclusive policies. Their efforts highlight the ongoing struggle for acceptance and equality amidst mounting pressures from both governmental and societal fronts. As the situation unfolds, the focus remains on ensuring that the voices of those affected are heard and that pathways to justice and dignity remain accessible despite the evolving legal landscape.