One of the most insidious diseases, often detected too late

Cancer of the pancreas is among the deadliest forms of cancer, often detected too late to offer effective treatment. According to recent reports, approximately 20 percent of patients survive the first year after diagnosis, with survival rates dropping to around seven percent five years later. These figures highlight the severity of the disease and the challenges faced by those diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. The incidence of this condition has been rising steadily over the past decade, with new cases doubling in number. In Slovenia alone, roughly 400 individuals currently live with the disease, while more than 100,000 people across Europe are affected. The risk increases significantly with age, particularly among those over 80, where the likelihood of developing the illness is more than 30 times greater compared to individuals aged 40. Key risk factors include being over 50 years old, smoking, chronic inflammation of the pancreas, obesity, and type 2 diabetes developed after the age of 50. Genetic predisposition plays a role in about 10 percent of all cases, with family history and certain hereditary conditions contributing to the risk. Those with a family history of pancreatic cancer or specific genetic disorders should consider regular medical check-ups and ultrasound examinations of the abdomen every six months. Individuals suffering from chronic pancreatitis are especially vulnerable, particularly smokers. Smoking alone doubles the risk of developing the disease. People with mucinous cystic neoplasms, a form of pancreatic tumor, or those with a family history of pancreatic cancer face higher risks. For these groups, frequent health screenings and routine ultrasounds are recommended. One of the primary reasons for delayed detection is the location of the pancreas deep within the body, making early symptoms difficult to recognize. There are currently no widespread screening programs designed to detect pancreatic cancer in its early stages. As a result, many cases go unnoticed until the disease has progressed considerably. Early signs of pancreatic cancer can be subtle and easily overlooked. Common initial indicators include unintentional weight loss, general fatigue, decreased appetite, and anxiety. Pain typically appears later and varies depending on the tumor's location. Later-stage symptoms may include jaundice, which occurs due to pressure on the bile duct caused by the tumor. This is often accompanied by itching and an enlarged gallbladder. Other less common symptoms may include weakness, dizziness, constipation, blood in the stool, superficial thrombophlebitis, and diabetes. These symptoms can be mistaken for other, less serious conditions, further delaying diagnosis. Early recognition and intervention remain critical to improving outcomes for those affected by this aggressive and often fatal disease.