The questionnaire and the databases: see the internal work of the Ateneo del Dato survey for elDiario.es
elDiario.es has published several reports based on a survey conducted by Ateneo del Dato regarding public perception of former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's legal troubles. The first report highlighted that most PSOE voters want current leader Pedro Sánchez to complete his term despite Zapatero's indictment. The second focused on right-wing voters' views, showing majority support for a motion of censure against Sánchez, though opinions were divided on whether to negotiate with regional parties like PNV and Junts. The latest report indicated that most Spaniards question the impartiality of the judiciary. To promote transparency, elDiario.es and Ateneo del Dato have made available the internal survey materials, including the questionnaire and data set used. The survey was conducted between June 9–12 via 1,500 interviews using an ISO-certified methodology. Ateneo del Dato is led by Víctor Pérez-Guzmán, who specializes in data analytics and electoral behavior.
In June 2026, the presentation of *Todos los hombres de Sánchez*, a book written by journalist Ketty Garat, became a focal point of media attention in Toledo. The event centered around recent revelations involving the alleged jewelry linked to former President José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and the role of so-called "media backrooms." The book has become one of the year's most significant editorial phenomena, drawing considerable interest from both the public and political figures. The author was accompanied by businessman Antonio Fernández-Galiano during the event, which took place in the auditorium of the San Clemente Cultural Center. Several leaders from the Popular Party (PP) in Castilla-La Mancha attended, including regional president Paco Núñez and national deputy Agustín Conde. This gathering highlighted the ongoing political and legal scrutiny surrounding Zapatero, who remains under investigation for alleged corruption related to the Plus Ultra case.
The legal proceedings against Zapatero have taken center stage in Spanish politics. On June 17, 2026, Judge José Luis Calama rejected the request to impose precautionary measures on Zapatero after his declaration as an investigated person in the Plus Ultra case. These measures had been sought by the Anti-Corruption Prosecution and the Popular Party-led popular prosecution. Calama argued that Zapatero’s public prominence and strong ties to Spain make it highly unlikely that he would evade the legal process or destroy evidence. He emphasized that there were no indications of flight risk or obstruction of justice, thus making such measures unnecessary. However, the judge noted that the existing evidence, including financial transactions and the discovery of high-value jewelry valued at over €1.3 million, still support the initial suspicions of criminal activity against Zapatero.
Zapatero himself denied having influenced the rescue of Plus Ultra or any involvement in the alleged corruption. During his three-hour interrogation before the National Court, he refused to answer questions about the origin of the jewelry found in his office safe. His lawyer, Víctor Moreno, opposed the requests for precautionary measures, arguing that they were disproportionate given the lack of concrete evidence of flight risk or destruction of evidence. Despite this, the judge maintained that the investigation into Zapatero remains in its early stages and could evolve either toward confirming or dispelling the current suspicions.
Political responses to the situation have varied. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed empathy for Zapatero and his family following their imputations, stating that he supports Zapatero’s claim of innocence. Sánchez also justified the receipt of gifts by all presidents, suggesting that these items are part of institutional representation rather than personal gain. He acknowledged the potential controversy surrounding the jewelry but emphasized that the legal framework today is more stringent than it was in 2007 when Zapatero might have received such gifts. Sánchez reiterated his confidence in Zapatero’s innocence and his commitment to supporting him through the legal process.
Meanwhile, the PSOE party has maintained its stance of defending the presumption of innocence and respecting the judicial process. The party leadership reaffirmed its support for Zapatero, emphasizing that they will continue to stand behind him while ensuring that investigations proceed within the bounds of the rule of law. This position contrasts sharply with the opposition parties, particularly the Popular Party, which has called for stricter measures against Zapatero and has supported the prosecution’s demands.
As the legal battle continues, the focus remains on the potential origins of the jewelry and whether Zapatero properly declared them. The investigation into the Plus Ultra case has brought to light complex financial dealings and the use of offshore companies to channel payments. The discovery of the jewelry, whose provenance remains unclear, adds another layer of complexity to the case. While the judge has ruled against imposing restrictive measures on Zapatero, the ongoing investigation suggests that the legal proceedings are far from concluded. The coming months will likely see further developments as the court continues to examine the evidence and determine the validity of the charges against Zapatero.
How each side covered it
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The recent revelations about alleged jewels linked to the former president José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and the role of so-called 'media sewers' were central to the presentation of Ketty Garat's book Todos los hombres de Sánchez in Toledo. The author was accompanied by businessman Antonio Fernández-Galiano at an event attended by several PP leaders from Castilla-La Mancha, including regional president Paco Núñez and national deputy Agustín Conde.
Bias read (Right): The article highlights the presence of PP officials at the book launch, which focuses on allegations against a former leftist leader, suggesting a framing that aligns with conservative interests. The emphasis on 'media sewers' implies criticism of media outlets, potentially aligned with right-wing叙事
Why these scores (Factual 95 · Objective 85): This article clearly states the Supreme Court’s verdict on Ábalos and Koldo García, providing precise legal outcomes. It remains factual and neutral, offering no opinion or interpretation beyond the court’s ruling.
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 90Objective 8818 days ago
A judge has rejected the imposition of precautionary measures for former Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero after his declaration as an investigated individual in the Plus Ultra case. The judge considers Zapatero's public notoriety to make it unlikely he would flee or evade the legal process. The judge also stated there is no evidence of intent to destroy evidence, as key elements of the investigation have already been addressed.
Bias read (Center): The article presents the judge's decision without overtly favoring any side. It quotes the judge’s reasoning directly and does not include commentary or framing that suggests a particular ideological stance. The language remains neutral, focusing on the legal rationale provided by the judge.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 88): The article explains the judge’s rejection of precautionary measures for Zapatero, citing legal reasoning. It remains objective and factual, presenting the judge’s rationale without emotional language. Minor subjective phrasing around the implications of the ruling slightly reduces objectivity.
20minutosIndependentCenterFactual 90Objective 8517 days ago
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed empathy towards the daughters of former Prime Minister José Luis Zapatero following their involvement in an ongoing legal case. Sánchez stated, 'Let us hope everything can be clarified.'
Bias read (Center): The article reports on a statement made by a political figure regarding another individual's legal situation. The content does not exhibit clear bias through language, sourcing, or emphasis.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 85): The article presents the PSOE’s official response to Zapatero’s declaration, remaining factual and aligned with the cross-source consensus. It avoids taking sides and maintains a neutral tone throughout, supporting the legal process without editorializing.
El PaísIndependent🔒CenterFactual 90Objective 8518 days ago
Following three hours of testimony by former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero at the National Court, Judge José Luis Calama rejected requests from the Anti-Corruption Prosecution and the Popular Party (PP) to revoke Zapatero’s passport, prohibit him from leaving Spain, and require his appearance every 15 days. The judge stated that Zapatero’s public visibility and strong ties to Spain eliminate any reasonable risk of flight. However, he noted that Zapatero’s statements have not dispelled the rational indications of criminality surrounding him. Calama emphasized that there is
Bias read (Center): The article presents the judge's decision and reasoning without overtly favoring either side. It includes direct quotes from the judge and mentions the positions of both the prosecution and the accused, maintaining a balanced tone.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 85): This article provides clear and factual information about the new investigation into Zapatero related to the jewels found in his office. It explains the legal steps taken by the judge and the potential charges.
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 90Objective 8521 days ago
The article discusses the impact of corruption scandals on Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez's government, highlighting recent developments such as the indictment of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and allegations involving the PSOE party. It references a June survey by Sigma Dos indicating a decline in support for the socialist party, with a drop from 28.4% to 26.4% in potential voter support.
Bias read (Center): The article reports on survey data and mentions political events without overtly favoring any side. The framing remains neutral, focusing on presenting facts and figures rather than taking a stance.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 85): This article provides detailed information on the legal investigation into Zapatero and its implications. It cites court decisions and official statements, supporting its claims with reliable sources. The tone remains neutral and factual.
PúblicoIndependentCenterFactual 90Objective 8523 days ago
The value of Zapatero's jewelry increases pressure on the former president ahead of his judicial declaration.
Bias read (Center): The article reports on the increasing pressure on former President Zapatero due to the value of his jewelry ahead of his judicial declaration. The summary is neutral and does not show clear bias toward either side of the political spectrum.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 85): This article accurately reports on the new judicial action against Zapatero, providing clear and objective information without evident bias.
elDiario.esIndependentCenterFactual 90Objective 8523 days ago
Judge Jose Luis Calama has opened a separate investigation into former Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero regarding alleged tax evasion and smuggling related to jewelry seized during a search of his office on May 19. The jewelry, valued at approximately 1.3 million euros according to an initial appraisal, is under investigation for possible undeclared importation and lack of taxation. Zapatero is scheduled to appear for questioning on June 17 and 18 as part of this new inquiry.
Bias read (Center): The article presents factual information about the judicial process without overtly favoring any side. It reports on the legal actions taken by the judge and provides details about the investigation without using biased language or selectively presenting information.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 85): This article provides detailed information about the judicial proceedings against Zapatero, including the valuation of seized items and legal arguments. It maintains a factual tone and aligns closely with the primary source. Objectivity is slightly compromised by the focus on the legal consequences
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 90Objective 8022 days ago
Experts in high-end jewelry have reviewed the valuation of Zapatero's jewels and believe the result is 'excessively low,' suggesting that the estimate may have underestimated variable production costs.
Bias read (Center): The article discusses an economic assessment of jewelry valuations without taking a stance on political issues. It presents expert opinions without apparent bias or ideological framing.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 80): The article provides detailed information about the valuation process and expert opinions suggesting the jewels may be worth double the initial estimate. The content aligns with cross-source consensus and presents facts neutrally, though some technical terms may slightly reduce objectivity.
elDiario.esIndependentCenterFactual 90Objective 8023 days ago
The article discusses the controversy surrounding the jewelry seized from former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. It questions whether accepting a personal gift and taking it home can be considered 'smuggling' and whether all received gifts must be declared. The text references an investigation into the value of the items, ranging from a necklace worth €278,000 to inexpensive jewelry. It also includes a first-person account from a minister who recounts being invited by King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia to attend an international energy ministers meeting, where he was presented,
Bias read (Center): The article focuses on a sports-related event without any clear political framing or bias. It provides a straightforward account of the incident without evident slant toward any particular political side.
Why these scores (Factual 90 · Objective 80): The article details the new investigation into Zapatero regarding the jewels, including the valuation and legal implications. It presents facts clearly and objectively.
infoLibreIndependentCenterFactual 88Objective 7024 days ago
The former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero is seeking to invalidate key evidence against him in the Plus Ultra case by requesting detailed information from U.S. authorities regarding how they conducted an intervention and data extraction from the phone of Venezuelan businessman Rodolfo Reyes Rojas. The article references the 'Operation Tigris,' which involved a terrorist network sending militants to Iraq, highlighting risks associated with foreign evidence. In that case, critical evidence came from three sources: directly from Microsoft, through foreign intelligence, and by
Bias read (Center): The article presents facts about legal proceedings involving a former prime minister without overtly favoring any political side. It discusses the legal challenges of using foreign evidence but does not exhibit clear bias in language, sourcing, or emphasis.
Why these scores (Factual 88 · Objective 70): Article outlines the defense's request for more information on the US-provided evidence, maintaining a balanced view between the legal arguments presented by both sides.
infoLibreIndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 8519 days ago
Judge José Luis Calama has rejected the defense's request to postpone former Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's declaration related to a separate case involving jewelry found in his office. The judge stated that the declaration does not affect Zapatero's right to defense, as the facts covered are already part of the main case. The defense had argued for a postponement due to the short time between the initiation of the separate case and the scheduled declaration.
Bias read (Center): The article presents the court's decision and reasoning without apparent bias. It includes direct quotes from the judge's ruling and details both the defense's argument and the court's response, maintaining neutrality in tone and framing.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 85): Reports on the judge’s rejection of Zapatero’s request to delay his testimony regarding the jewels, explaining the legal basis. Maintains a neutral tone and factual reporting without evident bias.
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 85Objective 8520 days ago
The defense of former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero has requested a postponement of his testimony regarding the discovery of valuable gems found in a safe in his office on the street Ferraz in Madrid. Zapatero needs time to gather documentation about the precious stones he did not declare to the Tax Agency and to argue the prescription of the tax offense. Additionally, Zapatero plans to provide an independent valuation of the seized jewelry lower than the one conducted by auction house Ansorena in collaboration with the Spanish Gemological Institute. Last Friday, Judge of
Bias read (Center): The article presents factual information without overtly biased language or framing. It reports on legal proceedings involving a former political figure but does not take a clear stance or emphasize one side over another.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 85): Reports on Zapatero’s request to delay his testimony regarding the jewels and his legal strategy. Maintains a neutral tone and factual reporting, consistent with other sources.
ABC (España)IndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 8018 days ago
A national court judge in Spain has rejected the imposition of precautionary measures for former Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero following his declaration as an investigated individual in the Plus Ultra case. The judge noted that the evidence leading to Zapatero's indictment remains intact. After Zapatero's three-hour declaration as an investigated person, a hearing was held where parties presented their requests to the judge. Zapatero's lawyer opposed these requests. The anti-corruption prosecutor, Elena Lorente, had asked the investigating judge to revoke Zapatero's passport and,
Bias read (Center): The article presents factual details of legal proceedings without overtly favoring any side. It reports on judicial decisions and the positions taken by both the defense and prosecution without using biased language or emphasizing one perspective over another.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): This article covers Zapatero’s public statement after his declaration, presenting his defense and the accusations against him. It maintains a balanced tone, quoting his statements directly without overtly biased interpretation.
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 85Objective 8018 days ago
Former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero denied during his interrogation at the National Court having exerted any influence in favor of the airline Plus Ultra or any public officials. He also refused to answer questions regarding jewels found in his office safe, stating he would provide clarifications in a week or so. The interrogation was conducted by Judge José Luis Calama and lasted approximately three hours. Zapatero did not respond to questions from the Anti-Corruption Prosecution, which had requested precautionary measures against him that were denied by the court.
Bias read (Center): The article presents factual information without overtly biased language or selective sourcing. It reports on Zapatero's denial of involvement in corruption allegations and his refusal to comment on specific issues, without taking a stance or emphasizing one side over another.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): This article discusses the PSOE’s complaint over leaked documents related to cash payments, detailing their legal action and concerns about privacy. While factual, it shows some bias in emphasizing the political implications of the leak, affecting objectivity.
elDiario.esIndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 8018 days ago
Judge José Luis Calama has concluded that former Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's statement as an investigated individual did not dispel suspicions against him, which form the basis of his formal charges for four crimes, including abuse of influence. The judge ruled out imposing precautionary measures, stating that the evidence against Zapatero is independent of legal requirements for such measures. The ruling highlights new developments regarding the case, including indications that funds from the Plus Ultra rescue may have passed through Zapatero’s accounts after he denied anyin
Bias read (Center): The article presents the judge's findings without overtly favoring either side. It reports the legal conclusions and evidence presented by the court without apparent ideological framing or selective emphasis.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): This article provides detailed legal findings from Judge Calama regarding Zapatero’s declaration and the evidence against him. It accurately reflects the court’s conclusions and maintains neutrality in presenting facts. Cross-source consensus supports these details.
El MundoIndependent🔒CenterFactual 85Objective 8018 days ago
Former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero issued a statement to the press after appearing before the National Court as an accused individual in relation to the rescue of the airline Plus Ultra. He denied any involvement in the matter and emphasized his belief in his innocence. However, he did not mention the jewelry found in his office safe, valued at approximately €1.3 million, which is now part of the charges against him, including tax fraud and smuggling.
Bias read (Center): The article presents Zapatero's statement without overtly biased language or selective sourcing. It reports his claims of innocence and his request for public trust while also noting the charges against him, including the jewelry issue, which he did not address directly. The framing appears balanced
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): The article details Zapatero’s testimony before the judge, emphasizing his denial of involvement in the Plus Ultra rescue. It presents the legal context and his responses neutrally, without evident political slant.
RTVE NoticiasState / PublicCenterFactual 85Objective 8018 days ago
The judge Calama has rejected imposing precautionary measures against Zapatero in the Plus Ultra case.
Bias read (Center): The article reports a judicial decision without apparent framing or slant. It presents the outcome of a legal ruling neutrally, with no evident emphasis on one side over another.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): Reports on Zapatero’s stance and the structure of the investigation. It includes legal terminology and aligns with other accounts. Maintains balance by focusing on facts rather than taking sides.
20minutosIndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 8020 days ago
The article discusses Zapatero attempting to convey calmness within the PSOE before an important declaration, which Ferraz considers 'determinant,' stating 'It's going to enter everything.'
Bias read (Center): The article reports on internal discussions within the PSOE without overtly favoring any side. It presents statements from Zapatero and Ferraz without apparent bias or loaded language.
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): Describes the complex nature of the investigation and Zapatero’s legal challenges. It includes specific details like the value of the jewels and legal charges, maintaining objectivity through factual reporting.
20minutosIndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 8023 days ago
The spokesperson for former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero has apologized for stating that the jewelry belonging to the ex-president was worth 50,000 euros when it is actually valued at 1.3 million euros.
Bias read (Center): The article reports on an apology made by Zapatero's spokesperson regarding a misstatement about the value of his former leader's jewelry. The content is factual and does not exhibit clear bias toward any political side. It presents the situation without overtly favoring one perspective over another
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 80): The article accurately reports the spokesperson's apology for initially underestimating the value of the jewels. It maintains a neutral tone while providing relevant background information.
infoLibreIndependentCenterFactual 85Objective 7520 days ago
The defense of former Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero has requested to postpone his testimony regarding jewelry found during a search of his office in Madrid by the UDEF (Central Economic and Financial Crime Unit). The jewelry, valued at 1.3 million euros by the jeweler Ansorena, has led to Zapatero being charged with two new offenses: tax fraud and smuggling. The magistrate had scheduled interviews with Zapatero this Wednesday and Thursday regarding alleged influence-peddling schemes linked to the rescue of 53 million euros granted to the airline Plus Ultra.
Bias read (Center): The article presents factual information without overtly biased language or selective sourcing. It reports on legal proceedings involving a former high-ranking official, providing details from official sources such as judicial actions and forensic evaluations. There is no clear ideological framing,
Why these scores (Factual 85 · Objective 75): Reports on internal PSOE discussions regarding anti-corruption measures with factual consistency. Some emotive language about the party being in 'shock' affects objectivity.
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